Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Aretha Franklin i ka Rock and Roll Hall of Fame ma 2008. He mele mele honua kēia i hoʻokani maikaʻi i nā mele ma ke ʻano o ke mele a me ka blues, ʻuhane a me ka ʻeuanelio.
Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ʻo ke aliʻi wahine o ka ʻuhane. ʻAʻole wale ka poʻe hoʻokae mele mana e ʻae i kēia manaʻo, akā pū kekahi miliona o nā mea pā ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio o Aretha Franklin
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Aretha Franklin i ka lā 25 o Malaki, 1942 ma Memphis, Tennessee. Ua hana ka makua kāne o ke kaikamahine ma ke ʻano he kahuna, a ʻo kona makuahine i hana ma ke ʻano kahu. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Aretha he ʻōlelo maikaʻi loa kona makuakāne, a he wahine hale maikaʻi kona makuahine. No nā kumu iʻikeʻoleʻia e ke kaikamahine,ʻaʻole i ulu ka pilina o nā mākua.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ka mea ʻino loa - ua haʻalele nā mākua o Aretha. Ua huhū loa ke kaikamahine i ka hemo ʻana o kona makuakāne a me kona makuahine. A laila noho ka ʻohana Franklin ma Detroit (Michigan). ʻAʻole makemake ka makuahine e noho ma lalo o ka hale hoʻokahi me kāna kāne mua. ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā ia kahi hopena maikaʻi aʻe ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i nā keiki a hele i New York.
I ka makahiki 10, ua hōʻike ʻia ke talena hīmeni a Aretha. Ua ʻike ka makua kāne i ka hoihoi o kāna kaikamahine i ke mele a hoʻopaʻa inoa iā ia i ka papa hīmeni o ka hale pule. ʻOiai ʻaʻole i hoʻokani ʻia ka leo o ke kaikamahine, ua ʻākoakoa nui ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi no kāna mau hana. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pāpā ʻo Aretha ka momi o ka Halepule Baptist Bethel.
ʻO Aretha Franklin ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka album mua
Ua hōʻike piha ʻia ke kālena a Franklin i ka waena o 1950s. ʻO ia ka manawa i hana ai ʻo ia i ka pule "E ka Haku aloha" i mua o 4,5 tausani mau parishioners. I ka manawa o ka hana, he 14 makahiki wale no o Arete. Pīhoihoi a kāhāhā ka Euanelio i ka mea nāna i hana i ka lepili JVB Records. Hāʻawi ʻo ia e hoʻopaʻa i ka album mua a Franklin. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, leʻaleʻa ka poʻe aloha mele i nā mele o ka moʻolelo solo a Aretha, i kapa ʻia ʻo Songs of Faith.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mele mele o ka album mua i ka wā o ka hana ʻana o ka papa mele pule. ʻO ka huina, ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili he 9 mau mele. Ua hoʻokuʻu hou ʻia kēia album i kekahi mau manawa.
Mai ia manawa mai, manaʻo kekahi e hoʻomaka ana ka ʻoihana hīmeni a Aretha. ʻAʻole naʻe i laila. Ua haʻi ʻo ia i kona makuakāne no ka hāpai ʻana. E kali ana ke kaikamahine i ke kolu o ke keiki. I ka manawa o ka hanau ana o kana keiki, he 17 kona mau makahiki.
I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1950, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Franklin ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hauʻoli i ka lilo ʻana i makuahine hoʻokahi. ʻO ka noho ʻana ma ka home me nā keiki i hōʻino i kāna ʻoihana. Haalele oia i na keiki ma ka pope, a hele aku e lanakila ma Nu Ioka.
ʻO ke ala hana o Aretha Franklin
I ka neʻe ʻana i New York, ʻaʻole i pau ka manawa koʻikoʻi o ka mea hoʻokani. Ua hoʻouna ke kaikamahine i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o The Gospel Soul of Aretha Franklin (ka hoʻopuka hou ʻana o nā mele o nā mele o ka Faith) i kekahi mau hui.
ʻAʻole i pane nā lepili āpau i ka hāʻawi ʻana e hui pū, akā ʻekolu mau hui i hoʻopili iā Aretha. ʻO ka hopena, ua koho ka mea mele ʻeleʻele i ka lepili Columbia Records, kahi i hana ai ʻo John Hammond.
E like me ka manawa i hōʻike ʻia, ua kuhi hewa ʻo Franklin i kāna helu ʻana. ʻAʻohe manaʻo o Columbia Records pehea e hoʻolauna pono ai i ka mea mele i nā mea aloha mele. Ma mua o ka ʻae ʻana i ka mea hoʻokani ʻōpio e ʻike iā ia "I", ua hoʻopaʻa ka lepili iā ia i ke kūlana o kahi mele pop.
No 6 mau makahiki, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Aretha Franklin ma kahi o 10 mau album. Ua mahalo ka poʻe hoʻokani pila i ka leo o ka mea mele, akā, ua ʻōlelo lākou i hoʻokahi mea e pili ana i nā mele: "Very insipid." Ua māhele ʻia nā moʻolelo ma ke ʻano nui, akā ʻaʻole i paʻa nā mele i nā palapala.
Malia paha ʻo ka album kaulana loa o kēia manawa ʻo Unforgettable - he hoʻohanohano i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka mea mele punahele a Aretha ʻo Dinah Washington. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Aretha Franklin i kekahi o kāna mau nīnauele:
“Ua lohe au iā Dina i koʻu wā kamaliʻi. Ua ʻike pilikino koʻu makuakāne iā ia, akā ʻaʻole wau. Malū, mahalo au iā ia. Ua makemake au e hoʻolaʻa i nā mele iā Dina. ʻAʻole wau i hoʻāʻo e hoʻohālike i kāna ʻano kūʻokoʻa, hīmeni wale wau i kāna mau mele e like me ka manaʻo o koʻu ʻuhane iā lākou ... ".
ʻO ka hui pū me ka mea hana ʻo Jerry Wexler
I ka waena o 1960s, ua pau kāna ʻaelike me Columbia Records. Hāʻawi ka mea hana ʻo Atlantic Records ʻo Jerry Wexler iā Aretha i kahi hui maikaʻi ma 1966. Ua ʻae ʻo ia. Ua hoʻomaka hou ʻo Franklin e hīmeni i kona ʻuhane maʻamau.
He manaʻolana nui ka mea hana no ka mea hoʻokani. Ua makemake ʻo ia e hoʻopaʻa i kahi album jazz me ka Music Emporium. Ua makemake nā leo waiwai nui o Aretha Franklin Jerry e hoʻokō i nā mele a Eric Clapton, Dwayne Allman a me Kissy Houston. Eia hou, ʻaʻole i holo nā mea e like me ka hoʻolālā.
I ka wā o kahi lumi studio, ua hoʻonāukiuki ke kāne a Aretha (ʻo Ted White i ka manawa manawa) i ka hakakā ʻona me kekahi o nā mea mele. Ua koi ʻia ka mea hana e kipaku iā Franklin a me kāna kāne. Ua hoʻopaʻa ka mea mele i hoʻokahi mele ma lalo o ka malu o Jerry. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ke mele ʻAʻole wau i aloha i ke kanaka (The Way I Love You).
Ua lilo kēia haku mele i mea kaulana loa. Ua makemake ʻo Aretha e hoʻopau i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka album. I ka makahiki 1967, ua mākaukau kahi album studio piha. Ua piʻi ka hōʻiliʻili i ke kūlana 2 o ka pakuhi aupuni. Ua ulu ka ʻoihana hīmeni a Franklin.
Ua hoʻomau ʻo Aretha Franklin e hoʻopiha i kāna discography me nā album. ʻO ka Lady Soul compilation, i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i ka makahiki 1968, pono e nānā nui ʻia. I ka makahiki 2003, ua koho ʻo Rolling Stone i ka album #84 ma kā lākou papa inoa o ka 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.
ʻO ka momi o ka album i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, ʻo ia ka haku mele ʻo Respect, ʻo ia ka mea hoʻokani mua ʻo Otis Redding. ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ua lilo ke mele i mele mele ʻole o ka neʻe wahine, a ua lilo ʻo Aretha i maka o nā wahine ʻeleʻele. Eia kekahi, mahalo i kēia mele, ua loaʻa iā Franklin kāna makana Grammy mua.
Ua emi ka kaulana o Aretha Franklin
I nā makahiki 1970, ua emi iki nā haku mele a Aretha Franklin ma nā palapala. Poina mālie ʻia kona inoa. ʻAʻole ia ka manawa maʻalahi i ke ola o ka mea pena. I ka waena o 1980, ua make kona makuakāne, ua haʻalele ʻo ia i kāna kāne ... a hāʻule nā lima o Aretha.
Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka mea hana keaka i ke ola pana ʻana i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni "The Blues Brothers" (The Blues Brothers). Hōʻike ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana i nā kāne i hoʻoholo e hoʻolaʻa i kahi hui blues kahiko i mea e hoʻoili ai i ke kālā i ka hale makua ʻole kahi i ulu ai lākou. Ua hōʻike ʻo Franklin i kahi mea pena kiʻi maikaʻi. Ma hope mai ua hōkū ʻo ia i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻo The Blues Brothers 2000.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua nalowale ka mea mele i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā album solo. I kēia manawa ua hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻo ia i nā haku mele ma kahi duet. No laila, ʻo ka mele I Knew You Were Waiting, i hōʻike ʻia ma ka waena o 1980s me George Michael, ua lawe i ka 1st kūlana ma ka Billboard Hot 100.
Ma hope o ka lanakila nui, ʻaʻole i emi iki nā hui pū me Christina Aguilera, Gloria Estefan, Mariah Carey, Frank Sinatra a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hōʻike ʻia kēia manawa e ka papa hana huakaʻi paʻa. Ua hana ʻo Aretha Franklin ma kahi kokoke i nā kihi a pau o ka honua. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā hoʻopaʻa leo mai nā ʻaha mele e hana i nā wikiō.
ʻO ke ola pilikino o Aretha Franklin
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻoiaʻiʻo ua kūleʻa ke ola pilikino o Franklin. Ua male ʻelua ka wahine. I ka makahiki 1961, ua male ʻo ia iā Ted White. I loko o kēia male ʻana, ua noho lāua no 8 mau makahiki. A laila ua lilo ʻo Artera i wahine na Glynn Turman, i ka makahiki 1984 ua haki pū kēia hui.
Ma ka pō o kona lā hānau 70, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Aretha Franklin e mare ʻo ia no ke kolu o ka manawa. Eia naʻe, i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ua kāpae ka wahine i ka male ʻana.
Ua noho ʻo Franklin ma ke ʻano he makuahine. He ʻehā āna keiki. Ma ke ʻano he keiki liʻiliʻi, hānai ʻo Aretha i ʻelua keiki kāne, ʻo Clarence lāua ʻo Edward. I ka waena o 1960s, ua hānau ka mea mele i ke keiki kāne a kāna kāne, ua kapa ʻia ke keikikāne ʻo Ted White Jr. Ua hānau ʻia ke keiki hope loa i ka 1970s mua i ka mana o Ken Cunningham. Ua kapa ʻo Franklin i kāna keiki ʻo Cecalf.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana iā Aretha Franklin
- Loaʻa iā Aretha Franklin he 18 mau makana Grammy. Eia kekahi, ua lilo ʻo ia i wahine mua i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Rock and Roll.
- Ua hīmeni ʻo Aretha Franklin i ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana o ʻekolu pelekikena ʻAmelika - ʻo Jimmy Carter, ʻo Bill Clinton a me Barack Obama.
- ʻO ka repertoire nui a Franklin ka ʻuhane a me ka R&B, akā i ka makahiki 1998 ua "haʻi ʻo ia i ka ʻōnaehana". Ma ka Grammy Awards, ua hoʻokani ka mea mele i ka aria Nessun Dorma mai ka opera Turandot na Giacomo Puccini.
- Makaʻu ʻo Aretha Franklin i ka lele. I kona wā e ola ana, ʻaʻole lele ka wahine, akā neʻe a puni ka honua ma kāna kaʻa punahele.
- Ua kapa ʻia kahi asteroid ma hope o Aretha. Ua hana ʻia kēia hanana i ka makahiki 2014. ʻO 249516 Aretha ka inoa kūhelu o ke kino honua.
Make o Aretha Franklin
I ka makahiki 2010, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo Arete i kahi hōʻailona hōʻeha. Ua ʻike ʻia ka mea mele i ka maʻi kanesa. ʻOiai naʻe, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hana ma ke kahua. Ua hana hope ʻo Franklin ma kahi ʻaha mele e kākoʻo i ka Elton John AIDS Foundation ma 2017.
ʻO ia ma kahi o kēia manawa i puka mai ai nā kiʻi weliweli o Aretha - ua nalowale ʻo 39 kg a ua pau. Ua ʻike ʻo Franklin ʻaʻohe mea e hoʻi ai. Ua haʻi mua ʻo ia i kāna mau mea aloha. Ua wānana nā kauka i ka make ʻana o kekahi kanaka kaulana. Ua make ʻo Aretha Franklin ma ʻAukake 16, 2018 i ka makahiki 76.
