He haku mele kaulana ʻo Arvo Pyart. ʻO ia ka mea mua i hāʻawi i kahi hiʻohiʻona hou o ke mele, a huli pū hoʻi i ke ʻano o ka minimalism. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ʻo "ka mōneka kākau". ʻAʻole nele ka manaʻo hohonu o nā haku mele a Arvo, akā i ka manawa like ua kāohi ʻia lākou.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio ʻo Arvo Pyart
He liʻiliʻi ka ʻike e pili ana i ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio o ka mea mele. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma Sepatemaba 11, 1935 ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Estonian ʻo Paide. Ua hoihoi ke keiki i ka hana mele mai ka wa kamalii mai. I kona wā kamaliʻi, ua kākau ʻo ia i kāna mau hana mua.
I kona wā ʻōpio, ua hana ʻo Arvo Pyart i kāna hana haku mua. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka cantata "ʻO kā mākou māla". Ua kākau ke kanaka i ka haku mele no ka papa mele a me ka orkestra. Ma hope mai, ua aʻo ʻo Pärt ma ke kula ʻo Tallinn Music College. Ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana i ke kula kiʻekiʻe, ua lilo ʻo ia i haumāna ma ka conservatory ma ka papa haku mele. Ua aʻo ʻia ʻo Arvo e ka mea hoʻokani pila kaulana ʻo Heino Eller.
ala noʻonoʻo
ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Arvo e hoʻokolohua me ke kani. No laila, ua hoʻohuiʻo ia i nā mele kahiko me kahi kani hou. Ma ka hana a ka haku mele, hiki ke lohe i nā symphonies, cantatas a me nā mele.
Loaʻa i nā haku mele o ka mea pena ka ʻuhane o ka asceticism. Ua kākau ka mea haku mele i nā leo nui a i ʻole nā leo liʻiliʻi wale nō. He ʻano "hoʻopunipuni" kēia o ka mea hana Estonian.
Mai ka makahiki 1957 a i ka makahiki 1967 Ua hana ʻo Arvo ma ke ʻano he ʻenekini leo no kahi lekiō kūloko. Eia kekahi, ua kākau pinepine ka mea haku mele i nā leo kani no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni kaulana a me nā hōʻike TV. Ua hoʻāla ʻia nā hana a Arvo i ka hoihoi maoli i waena o ka poʻe loiloi mele.
ʻAʻole hauʻoli nā mea a pau i ka hana a ka maestro. Ua ʻike kekahi ma nā haku mele liʻiliʻi i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka mākaukau a me ka ʻoihana. Ua ʻōlelo kekahi poʻe he pāpaʻu loa nā hana i ko lākou kani.
I loko o ka moʻolelo pilikino o ka haku mele, aia kekahi mau hōʻino i hana ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻole ʻia o kāna hana e ka hui. ʻO ka uē lehulehu ma ka nohona moʻomeheu i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka "Obituary for the Orchestra". Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Tikhon Khrennikov iā Arvo e pili ana i nā mana ʻē aʻe. Akā, ua loaʻa i ka mea hana i hōʻike ʻia i kahi hanohano 1 ma ka hoʻokūkū o ka All-Union Society of Composers. 1 mau mea noi i hakakā no ka wahi 1200.
Nā hoʻokolohua hou me ke kani
I ka waena waena o nā makahiki 1960, hoʻomaka ka haku mele e hoʻokolohua me ke kani. No laila, i kāna mau hana, ʻike maopopo ʻia ke ʻano o ka collage. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻenehana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna o ka hui pū ʻana o nā ʻenehana mele avant-garde a me nā huaʻōlelo mai nā papa mele ʻEulopa.
Akā ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1970 i ka hana a ka mea haku mele i hōʻailona ʻia e ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻenehana mele kahiko. I kēia manawa, ua hana ʻia kahi ʻano pilikino o ka mea hana, a ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa "bele".
I loko o kāna hana, hiki i ka haku mele ke hoʻopaʻa hou i kāna mau hana kahiko i nā manawa he nui. ʻAʻole malihini ʻo Arvo i ka hana ʻana i kāna mau hemahema. Ua lilo ka okana i mea kani punahele na ka mea pena.
Ua kūkākūkāʻia ka hana a ka Estonian ma ka pae mele o nā pilikia pilikanaka. I loko o kāna repertoire aia kahi mele āna i hoʻolaʻa ai iā Anna Politkovskaya, i pepehi ʻia i ka makahiki 2006. A me kahi symphony 2008 i haʻi ʻia iā Mikhail Khodorkovsky.
ʻO ke ola pilikino o Arvo Pyart
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia, monogamous ka haku mele. Ua ulu maikaʻi kona ola pilikino. ʻO Nore Pärt ka inoa o ka wahine a Arvo. He ʻelua keiki a lāua.
I nā makahiki 1980 mua, ua neʻe ka ʻohana i Vienna ma ka visa wahine ʻIseraʻela. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua neʻe ʻo Arvo a me kāna wahine i West Berlin. A i ka makahiki 2010 ua hoʻi hou ka haku mele i Estonia.
ʻO Arvo Pyart i kēia lā
I ka makahiki 2020, ke hoʻomau nei nā mele o ka mea kaulana Estonia i nā hale ʻaha mele o nā ʻāina ʻē. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe aloha i nā hana a ka haku mele o nā makahiki 1970. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia nā ʻaha mele a ka maestro ma nā ʻāina mua o ka USSR, akā ma waho. Nui nā hōʻailona ma ka papa o Pärt, loaʻa nā kiʻi mai nā hanana makana ma ka Pūnaewele.
Eia kekahi, ma 2020, ua huli ʻo Arvo Pärto i 85 mau makahiki. ʻO ka poʻe makemake e ʻike pono i kēia ʻano moʻomeheu pono e nānā pono i nā moʻolelo palapala e pili ana i kāna hana:
- Arvo Pärt - A laila hiki mai ke ahiahi a me ke kakahiaka (1990)
- Arvo Pärt: 24 Preludes for a Fugue (2002);
- Proovime Pärti (2012);
- Mängime Pärti (2013);
- Arvo Pärt - Isegikui ma kõikkaotan (2015).
