Ma kahi ʻoihana hoʻolālā lōʻihi, ua hana ʻo Claude Debussy i kekahi mau hana nani. Ua pōmaikaʻi ke kumu mua a me ka pohihihi i ka maestro. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i ʻike i nā kuʻuna kahiko a komo i ka papa inoa o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "artistic outcasts". 'A'ole i 'ike ka po'e a pau i ka hana a ke akamai mele, akā, i kekahi ala a i 'ole, ua hiki 'o ia i lilo i 'elele maika'i loa o ka impressionism ma kona 'āina hānau.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma Paris. ʻO ʻAukake 22, 1862 ka lā hānau o Maestro. Ua hānai ʻia ʻo Claude i kahi ʻohana nui. No kekahi manawa noho ka ʻohana ma ke kapikala o Farani, akā ma hope o kekahi manawa ua neʻe ka ʻohana nui i Cannes. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hoʻomaka ʻo Claude e kamaʻāina me nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi loa o nā mele kahiko. Ua aʻo ʻo ia i nā kīwī ma lalo o ka Italian Jean Cerutti.
Ua aʻo koke ʻo ia. Hoʻopaʻa ʻo Claude i nā mea āpau ma ka lele. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua hoʻomau ke kanaka ʻōpio e kamaʻāina me ke mele, akā aia ma ka Conservatory Paris. Ua hauʻoli ʻo ia i kāna hana. He kūlana maikaʻi ʻo Claude me nā kumu.
I ka makahiki 1874, mahalo ʻia nā hana a ka mea hoʻokani pila. Ua loaʻa iā ia kāna makana mua. Ua huki ʻo Claude i ke ala o kahi mea hoʻokani pila a haku mele.
Ua hoʻomaha ʻo ia i kāna mau hoʻomaha kauwela ma ka hale kākela o Chenonceau, kahi āna i hoʻokipa ai i nā malihini me kāna hoʻokani piano kupaianaha. ʻAʻole ia he ola nani iā ia, no laila i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai ua lawe ka mea hoʻokani i kahi kūlana aʻo ma ka hale o Nadezhda von Meck. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo ia i kekahi mau makahiki i ka huakaʻi a puni nā ʻāina ʻEulopa. A laila haku ʻo ia i kekahi mau miniatures. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i nā hana a Ballade à la lune a me Madrid, princesse des Espagnes.
Ua uhaki mau ʻo ia i nā canons kahiko o ka haku mele. Auwe, makemake ʻia kēia ʻano e nā kumu a pau o ka Conservatory o Paris. ʻOiai naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia ke kālena maopopo a Debussy e ka improvisation. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka "Prix de Rome" no ka haku ʻana i ka cantata L'enfant prodigue. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomau ʻo Claude i kāna aʻo ʻana ma Italia. Ua makemake ʻo ia i ka lewa i lanakila ma ka ʻāina. Ua piha ka ea Italia i ka hana hou a me ke kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ia paha ke kumu o nā mele mele a Claude, i kākau ʻia i ka wā o ka noho ʻana ma Italia, i wehewehe ʻia e nā kumu he "mea kupanaha, nani a hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia." I kona hoʻi ʻana i kona ʻāina hānau, ua nalowale kona kūʻokoʻa. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ʻo Claude e nā palapala a Richard Wagner. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, loa'a 'o ia iā ia iho me ka mana'o 'a'ole he wā e hiki mai ana nā hana a ka mea haku mele Kelemānia.
ala noʻonoʻo
ʻO nā hana mua i puka mai i ka peni a ka maestro ʻaʻole i lawe mai iā ia i ka kaulana. Ma keʻano laulā, ua ʻae ka lehulehu i nā hana a ka mea haku mele, akā mamao loa ia mai ka ʻike ʻia.
Ua ʻike nā hoa haku mele i kā Claude kālena i ka makahiki 1893. Ua kākau inoa ʻia ʻo Debussy i ke komite o ka National Musical Society. Ma laila, ua hōʻike ka maestro i kahi mele mele "String Quartet".
He mea nui kēia makahiki no ka haku mele. I ka makahiki 1983, e hana hou ʻia kekahi hanana e hoʻololi maoli i kona kūlana i ke kaiāulu. Ua hele ʻo Claude i kahi hana e pili ana i ka pāʻani a Maurice Maeterlinck "Pelleas et Mélisande". Ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ka hale keaka me kahi ʻono ʻono ʻole. Ua ʻike ka maestro he pono e hānau hou ʻia ka pāʻani i loko o kahi opera. Ua loaʻa iā Debussy ka ʻae ʻana o ka mea kākau Belgian no kahi hoʻololi mele o ka hana, a laila hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hana.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana hoʻomohala a Claude Debussy
Hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai ua hoʻopau ʻo ia i ka opera. Hāʻawi ka mea haku mele i ka hana "Afternoon of a Faun" i ka hui. ʻAʻole wale nā mea pā a me nā mea hoʻohewa koʻikoʻi i hoʻomaikaʻi i nā hana a Claude. Aia ʻo ia i ka piko o kāna ʻoihana hana.
I ke kenekulia hou, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hele i nā hālāwai o ka hui ʻike ʻole o Les Apaches. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia ke kaiāulu i nā kiʻi moʻomeheu like ʻole i kapa iā lākou iho he "poʻe kiʻi kiʻi". ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lālā o ka hui i ka hoʻomaka mua o Claude's orchestral Nocturnes i kapa ʻia ʻo "Clouds", "Celebrations" a me "Sirens". Ua māhele ʻia ka manaʻo o nā kiʻi moʻomeheu: ua manaʻo kekahi iā Debussy he naʻaupō loa, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaikaʻi i ke talena o ka haku mele.
I ka makahiki 1902, ua hana ʻia ka mua o ka opera Pelléas et Mélisande. Ua mahele hou ka hana mele i ka hui. Loaʻa iā Debussy nā mea mahalo a me ka poʻe i lawe ʻole i ka hana a ka Farani.
ʻOiai ua māhele ʻia ka manaʻo o ka poʻe hoʻokani mele, ua lanakila nui ka mua o ka opera i hōʻike ʻia. Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia ka hana e ka lehulehu. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻo Debussy i kona mana. I ka manawa like, ua lilo ʻo ia i naita no ka Papa o ka Legion of Honor. E hoʻomaopopo ua paʻi ʻia ka paʻi piha o ka pepa mele i ʻelua mau makahiki ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka helu leo.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua loaʻa ka mua o kekahi o nā hana koʻikoʻi o ka repertoire a Debussy. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka haku mele "Sea". Ua ulu hou ka ʻatikala i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa. ʻOiai naʻe, ua lohe nui ʻia nā hana a Claude mai nā pae o nā hale keaka maikaʻi loa o ʻEulopa.
Ua hoʻoikaika ka lanakila i ka haku mele Farani i nā hana hou. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia hou, ua hana ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana kaulana loa no ka piano. ʻO ka "Preludes" ka mea i mahalo nui ʻia, aia i ʻelua mau puke.
I ka makahiki 1914 ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kākau i ka pōʻaiapuni o nā sonatas. Auwe, ʻaʻole i pau kāna hana. I kēia manawa, ua haʻalulu nui ke olakino o ka maestro. I ka makahiki 1917 ua haku ʻo ia i nā haku no ka piano a me ka violin. ʻO kēia ka hopena o kāna ʻoihana.
Nā kikoʻī o ke ola pilikino o Claude Debussy
ʻAʻohe kānalua, ua hauʻoli ka mea haku mele i ka lanakila me ka wahine maikaʻi. ʻO ka makemake nui mua o Debussy he wahine Palani maikaʻi ʻo Marie. I ka manawa o ko lāua kamaʻāina, ua male ʻo ia iā Henri Vasnier. Ua lilo ʻo ia i haku wahine a Claude a hōʻoluʻolu iā ia no 7 mau makahiki.
Ua loaʻa i ke kaikamahine ka ikaika i loko ona a ua hoʻopau i ka pilina me Debussy. Ua hoʻi ʻo Marie i kāna kāne. No Claudie, ua lilo kahi wahine Palani i mare ʻia i muse maoli. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo ia ma mua o 20 mau mele mele i ke kaikamahine.
ʻAʻole ʻo ia i kaumaha no ka lōʻihi a loaʻa ka ʻoluʻolu ma nā lima o Gabrielle Dupont. Ma hope oʻelua mau makahiki, ua hoʻoholo nā mea aloha e lawe i ko lākou pilina i kahi kūlana hou. Ua noho lāua ma ka hale hoʻokahi. Akā, ua lilo ʻo Debussy i kanaka hoʻomaloka - ua hoʻopunipuni ʻo ia i kāna mea i koho ʻia me Teresa Roger. I ka makahiki 1894, ua noi ʻo ia i kahi wahine. Ua hoʻohewa nā hoaaloha o Claude i kāna hana. Ua hana lākou i nā mea a pau e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻole i ka male ʻana.
Ua male ʻo Claude ma hope o 5 mau makahiki. ʻO kēia manawa ʻo Marie-Rosalie Textier ka mea i ʻaihue i kona puʻuwai. ʻAʻole i ʻaʻa ka wahine e lilo i wahine na ka haku mele no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua hele ʻo ia i ka hoʻopunipuni, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana inā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e mare iā ia, e pepehi ʻo ia iā ia iho.
ʻO ka wahine, nona ka uʻi akua, akā he naʻaupō a hupo. ʻAʻole maopopo ʻo ia i ke mele a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke mālama pū me Debussy. Me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole ʻelua, hoʻouna ʻo Claude i ka wahine i kona mau mākua a hoʻomaka i kahi hihia me kahi wahine male i kapa ʻia ʻo Emma Bardak. ʻO ka wahine kūlana, ka mea i aʻo e pili ana i kāna kāne, ua hoʻāʻo e pepehi iā ia iho. I ka ʻike ʻana o nā hoaaloha e pili ana i nā hana hou a Debussy, ua hoʻohewa lākou iā ia.
I ka makahiki 1905, hapai ka haku wahine o Claude. ʻO Debussy, e ho'āʻo ana e pale i kāna mea aloha, hoʻoneʻe iā ia i Lākana. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua hoʻi lāua i Paris. Ua hānau ka wahine he kaikamahine mai ka haku mele. ʻEkolu makahiki ma hope mai ua male lāua.
Make o Claude Debussy
I ka makahiki 1908, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi hōʻailona hōʻino. No 10 mau makahiki, ua hakakā ka haku mele me ka maʻi maʻi colorectal. Ua ʻoki ʻia ʻo ia. Auē, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi ka hana i ke kūlana o Claude.
I nā mahina hope o kona ola ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haku i nā hana mele. He mea paʻakikī iā ia ke hana i nā mea maʻamau. Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻo ia a ʻaʻole i launa pū. ʻO ka mea nui paha, ua hoʻomaopopo ʻo Debussy e make koke ʻo ia.
Ua ola ʻo ia ma muli o ka mālama ʻana o kāna wahine kūhelu a me kā lāua kaikamahine maʻamau. I ka makahiki 1918, ʻaʻole kōkua hou ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua make ʻo ia ma Malaki 25, 1918. Ua make ʻo ia ma kona home ponoʻī, ma ke kapikala o Farani.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻohana ke hoʻonohonoho i kahi huakaʻi hoʻolewa koʻikoʻi. Ma muli o ke Kaua Honua Mua. Ua lawe ʻia ka pahu kupapaʻu o ka maestro ma nā alanui ʻo Farani.
