I ka hiki ʻana i nā mea mele opera, pono e haʻi ʻia ʻo Enrico Caruso.
ʻO ka tenor kaulana o nā manawa a me nā au, ka mea nona ka leo baritone velvety, nona kahi ʻenehana leo kūʻokoʻa o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi memo o kahi kiʻekiʻe i ka wā o ka hana o ka ʻāpana.
ʻAʻole he mea kupanaha ka mea haku mele Italia kaulana ʻo Giacomo Puccini, i ka lohe ʻana i ka leo o Enrico no ka manawa mua, kapa ʻia ʻo ia "ka ʻelele a ke Akua."
10 mau makahiki ma mua o kona make ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia ka mea hoʻokani mele mele ʻo "ke aliʻi o nā tenors". A ʻo ka wā i noho ai ka mea mele i kapa haʻaheo ʻo "Karuzov's".
No laila ʻo wai kēia "phenomenon" ma ke ʻano o ka mana a me ka timbre? No ke aha i kapa ʻia ai ʻo ia ka mea nui i waena o ka poʻe nui a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā moʻolelo o ke kahua opera ʻo Ruffo lāua ʻo Chaliapin? No ke aha i kaulana mau ai kāna mau hana mele?
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi paʻakikī o Enrico Caruso
Ua hānau ʻia ka mea nona kahi kālena leo maikaʻi ma Italia ma waho o ka lā Naples ma Pepeluali 25, 1873 ma kahi ʻoihana. Noho maikaʻi loa nā mākua o ka mea kaulana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
I ka wā ʻōpiopio, ua hoʻouna ʻia ke keikikāne i ke kula, kahi i loaʻa ai iā ia kahi hoʻonaʻauao mua wale nō, e aʻo ana i nā kumu o ke kaha kiʻi ʻenehana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā kumu o ke kākau ʻana a me ka helu.
Ua moe ka makua kāne o ka mea mele (he mechanic ma ka ʻoihana) e hahai kāna keiki i kona mau wāwae. I ka 11 makahiki o Caruso, ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo ia e aʻo me kahi ʻenekini kamaʻāina. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake ʻo Enrico i ka hoʻolālā a me ke kūkulu ʻana. Makemake ʻo ia e hīmeni ma ka papa himeni o ka hale pule.
I ka piha ʻana o ke kanaka ʻōpio he 15 mau makahiki, ua make kona makuahine i ke kolera. Ua ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke ola ma ke kālā. No ke ola, ua hoʻoholo ke kanaka ʻōpio e kōkua i kona makuakāne.
Ma ka haʻalele ʻana i kāna mau haʻawina, loaʻa ʻo Enrico i kahi hana ma ka hale hana, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻōki i ka hīmeni ʻana ma ka luakini. Ua mahalo ka poe haipule i ka leo kupanaha o ke kanaka opio. Ua kono ʻia ʻo ia e hīmeni i nā serenades no kāna mea aloha, me ka uku manawaleʻa no nā lawelawe.
Ma muli o ka manaʻo o ka lehulehu, ua hele ʻo Caruso e hoʻokani solo ma ke alanui. ʻO ia ʻoihana i lawe mai i kahi kālā liʻiliʻi akā paʻa i ka ʻohana.
ʻO ka hui maikaʻi me Guglielmo Vergine
ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka nui o ka mea e hana ai ma ke alanui ākea "nā ʻaha mele", e hoʻokani ana i nā mele a me nā ballads ʻo Neapolitan, inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia kahi mea ʻōpio akamai i kekahi lā i ka wā o ia hana e kekahi kumu o ke kula leo, ʻo Guglielmo. Vergine.
ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hoʻohuli i ka makuakāne o ke keikikāne (Marcello Caruso) e hoʻouna i kāna keiki i kahi kula mele. ʻAʻole i manaʻo nui ʻo Marcello i ka kūleʻa, akā naʻe ua ʻae.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu, ua hoʻolauna ʻo Vergine i ke kanaka ʻōpio maikaʻi i ka mea hoʻokani mele koʻikoʻi ʻo Masini. Ua mahalo nui ka tenor koʻikoʻi i nā hiki o ka haumāna, me ka ʻike ʻana he pono ke hoʻohana i ka makana maoli.
ʻO ka make wai e haʻalele i ka ʻilihune a me ka makemake e kaulana i kā lākou hana. Ua hana ikaika ʻo Caruso i kona ola ʻana a ua hana ikaika iā ia iho, no laila ua loaʻa iā ia ka ʻike honua ʻaʻole wale ma ka home, akā ma waho aʻe o kona mau palena.
ʻO nā papa nui o ka hana hana a Enrico Caruso
ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ʻo ka "hola maikaʻi loa" i ka lanakila ʻana i ke kahua ʻo ia ka hana o ka ʻāpana o Enzo i ka opera La Gioconda ma 1897 ma Palermo. Eia naʻe, ua pau ka piʻi lanakila ʻana me ka hāʻule ʻole.
ʻO ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe nui a me ka makemake ʻole e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kālā no ka uku ʻana i nā lawelawe a nā clackers i alakaʻi ai i ka mahalo ʻole o ka lehulehu i ka hana.
ʻO Enrico, hoka i ka poʻe Neapolitan, hele i ka huakaʻi i nā ʻāina a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe o Italia. ʻO ka huakaʻi mua kahi mamao a ʻike ʻole ʻia ʻo Russia. ʻO nā hana haole ka mea i hoʻonani i ka mea hīmeni.
I ka makahiki 1900, ua hoʻi ʻo ia i kona ʻāina liʻiliʻi. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani kaulana o nā ʻāpana opera, ua hana mua ʻo ia ma ke kahua ma ka La Scala kaao.
Ma hope koke iho, hele hou ʻo Caruso i ka huakaʻi. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā ʻahamele ma Ladana, Berlin, Hamburg a me nā kūlanakauhale ʻEulopa.
Akā ʻo kāna leo hoʻokalakupua i hana maoli i ka poʻe aloha ʻAmelika i ke ʻano opera. Ma hope o ka hīmeni ʻana no ka manawa mua ma ka Metropolitan Opera (New York) i ka makahiki 1903, ua lilo ka mea hoʻokani i mea mele nui o ka hale keaka no kahi kokoke i 20 mau makahiki. ʻO ka maʻi o ka mea mele a me ka make koke ʻana i pale iā ia mai ka hoʻomau ʻana i kāna ʻoihana puʻukū.
ʻO nā Arias kaulana loa a me nā mele i hana ʻia e Enrico Caruso:
- "Love Potion" - Nemorino.
- "Rigoletto" - Ke Duke.
- "Carmen" - Jose.
- "Aida" - Radames.
- Pagliacci - Canio.
- O Sole Mio.
ʻO nā ʻike mai ke ola pilikino
Ua hauʻoli ʻo Caruso i ka kūleʻa me ka wahine ʻē. ʻO ka pilina koʻikoʻi mua o ka mea mele me ka Italian opera diva Ada Giachetti. Akā naʻe,ʻaʻole i hoʻokumu ka poʻe'ōpio i ka pilina, ua noho lākou no 11 mau makahiki i loko o ka male kīwila.
Ua hānau ʻo Ada i kāna kāne ʻehā keiki, ʻelua o lākou i make i ka wā ʻōpiopio. Ua haʻihaʻi ka male ma ka manaʻo o ka wahine, ka mea i holo mai kāna mea aloha mua me kahi mea hou i koho ʻia - he mea hoʻokele.
Ua ʻike ʻia ua male male ʻo Enrico Caruso i hoʻokahi manawa. ʻO kāna wahine ke kaikamahine a kahi miliona miliona ʻAmelika ʻo Dorothy Park Benjamin, ʻo ia pū me ia a hiki i kona make ʻana.
Ua make ka tenor kaulana i ka makahiki 48 mai purulent pleurisy (ʻAukake 2, 1921). Ma kahi o 80 tausani poʻe i hele mai e haʻi aloha i kā lākou mea mele mele punahele.
Ua mālama ʻia ke kino i ʻala ʻia i loko o kahi sarcophagus aniani i loko o ka hale kupapaʻu ma Naples. He mau makahiki wale nō ma hope mai ua kanu ʻia ka mea i make i loko o ka lua kupapaʻu pōhaku.
ʻO ka ʻike hoihoi mai ka moʻolelo o ka mea hīmeni
- I ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kāna kāne hope, ua paʻi ʻo Dorothy i nā puke 2 i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ke ola o kahi kāne akamai a aloha.
- ʻO Caruso ka mea mele mele opera mua i hoʻopaʻa i ka Arias i kāna hana ma kahi mele mele mele.
- ʻOiai ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea pena kiʻi i ʻimi nui ʻia, ʻike ʻia ʻo Enrico ma ke ʻano he ʻohi o nā mea kahiko, nā ʻāpana kahiko a me nā peʻa.
- Ua kiʻi maikaʻi ka mea mele i nā caricatures a me nā caricatures, hoʻokani i kekahi mau mea kani, haku i kāna mau hana ponoʻī ("Serenade", "Sweet Torments").
- Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka tenor kaulana, ua hana ʻia kahi kukui nui ma mua o $3500 (he nui i kēlā mau lā). Hiki ke hoʻomālamalama wale ʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki i mua o ka maka o ka Madonna ma ka halepule ʻAmelika o St. Pompey.
ʻO kahi makana kūlohelohe, kahi ʻano kumu o ka hoʻokani mele a me nā ʻāpana opera dramatic, ka ikaika a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i hiki ai iā Enrico Caruso ke hoʻokō i kāna mau pahuhopu a kūpono i ka ʻike honua.
I kēia lā, ua lilo ka inoa ʻo Caruso i inoa ʻohana. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o kā lākou kapa ʻana i nā talena maoli, nā mea nona nā mana leo kūikawā. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike me kekahi o nā tenor nui loa o nā au a pau ka hanohano kiʻekiʻe loa no ka mea hoʻokani.
