Poina ʻole Holy Fool mai ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni "Boris Godunov", ikaika ʻo Faust, ka mea mele opera, ʻelua manawa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka makana Stalin a ʻelima mau manawa i hāʻawi ʻia i ka Order of Lenin, ka mea hana a me ke alakaʻi o ka hui opera mua. ʻO Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky kēia - he nugget mai ke kauhale Ukrainian, i lilo i kiʻi o nā miliona.
Nā mākua a me ka wā kamaliʻi o Ivan Kozlovsky
Ua hānau ʻia ka mea pena kaulana e hiki mai ana ma 1900 kokoke i Kiev. Me kāna mau taleni, ua like ʻo Ivan me kona makuakāne a me kona makuahine. ʻAʻohe mea i aʻo mele i ka poʻe mahiʻai, aia i loko o ko lākou koko, i hoʻoili ʻia mai ko lākou mau kūpuna. ʻO ka makuakāne o Ivan, ʻo Semyon Osipovich, ua hāʻawi maʻalahi ʻia i kekahi mele, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokani maikaʻi iā ia ma ka harmonica Viennese. A ʻo koʻu makuahine, ʻo Anna Gerasimovna, he leo ikaika a me ke mele.
Ua ʻike nā kumu i ke kālena a me ka ikaika o ʻIvana. Ua ʻae ʻia ʻo ia e alakaʻi i nā haʻawina mele ma hoʻokahi hui kula. Ua manaʻo ʻo Semyon lāua ʻo Anna ma hope o ke kula ma ka monastery, e hoʻomau kā lāua keiki i kāna aʻo ʻana ma ka seminary. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole makemake ke kāne i kēlā.
ʻO Ivan Kozlovsky: ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona makua mua
I ka makahiki 1917, ua lilo ʻo Ivan i haumāna ma ka Music and Drama Institute. Ua hoʻoholo nā kumu e aʻo manuahi. Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke kula, ua ho'oholo 'o Ivan Kozlovsky e hā'awi iā ia iho i ka 'oihana koa. I loko o ka Red Army, ʻo ka pūʻulu kahi i hāʻawi manawaleʻa ai ka mea hoʻokani mele i ka wā e hiki mai ana i ke keʻena opera i kauoha ʻia e kahi colonel tsarist mua, ka mea akamai i ka mele.
I ka lohe ʻana i ka hīmeni ʻana a Kozlovsky, ua kamaʻilio ke konela me ke kōmike o ka ʻāpana, kahaha i ke talena o ke kanaka. A ua hoʻouna ʻia ʻo Kozlovsky e lawelawe ma ka Poltava Music and Drama Theatre. ʻO ia i ka wā o ka pūʻali koa i hoʻomaka ai ʻo Kozlovsky i kāna hana mua ma ke kahua opera. I kekahi manawa ua maʻi kekahi mea pena o ka hale keaka kūloko, a ua noi ʻia kahi haumāna puka o ke kula mele e kōkua.
Hana: nā hana hōkū a me nā lanakila o Ivan Kozlovsky
ʻO ka puahiohio mele "ʻohi" iā Ivan Kozlovsky, iʻole e hoʻokuʻu iā ia a hiki i ka hopena o kona mau lā. Mai ka makahiki 1923 a i ka makahiki 1924 ʻO ka mea hoʻokani akamai i hanaʻia ma ke kahua opera Kharkov, a laila ma ka opera Sverdlovsk. I ka pau ʻana o ka ʻaelike me ka hale keaka Ural, ua lilo ʻo Kozlovsky i Muscovite. I ka makahiki 1926, ua loa'a i ka Bolshoi Theatre kahi mea ho'okani mele hou. A kani ka tenor o Kozlovsky i ka opera "La Traviata", "The Snow Maiden", etc.
Ua hōʻailona ʻia ka makahiki 1938 e kahi hanana kūikawā. I mea e hoʻolaha ai i nā haku mele kahiko, ua hana ʻo ia i ka USSR State Opera Ensemble. He hoʻāʻo ia e hoʻokokoke i nā mele kahiko i ka lehulehu ākea, kahi kokoke i ke kahua. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia hana i ka makana Stalin.
Kaua a ma hope o ke kaua
I ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, ua manaʻo ʻo Kozlovsky a me kāna mau hoa hana i kā lākou kuleana e kākoʻo i nā mea hakakā i hakakā no ko lākou ʻāina hānau. ʻO nā ʻaha mele ma mua a ma nā halemai, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hōʻike lekiō - ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā hōkū o ke kahua opera i ka lanakila o ka poʻe Soviet ma luna o ka fascism. I ka makahiki 1944, mahalo i ka hooikaika ana o Kozlovsky a me ke alakai o Sveshnikov, ua puka mai ka papa himeni o na keikikane, a mahope lilo i kula.
I ka pau ʻana o ke Kaua Patriotic Nui, ua ʻā hou ʻo ia ma ke kahua o ka opera nui. A ua hauʻoli hou kāna Holy Fool i Faust i nā mea pā o ke kālena a ka mea pena. A ua loaʻa i ka mea mele kekahi makana Stalin. Ua mahalo nui ʻo Joseph Stalin i ka mea pena a makemake e hauʻoli i ka leo o Kozlovsky. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke ki'i 'ia ka mea pena i ka Generalissimo, no ka mea, makemake 'o Iosif Vissarionovich e ho'olohe i kahi tenor nani.
I ka makahiki 1954, ha'alele 'o Kozlovsky i ka hale keaka Bolshoi. Ua komo ʻo Ivan Semyonovich i kahi mea ʻē aʻe. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka manawa he nui i ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻāina o nā Soviets. Ua hōʻiliʻili pū ʻo ia i nā moʻolelo a me nā mele kahiko. Ma ke ala, ʻo Kozlovsky ka mea i hana mua i ke aloha "Ua hui au iā ʻoe ...". Ua ʻike ʻole ka mea mele i ka helu me nā mele a Leonid Malashkin ma kahi hale kūʻai puke lua.
I nā makahiki ma hope o ke kaua, ua hoʻokani ka mea mele i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, ʻaʻole lawa kāna hana no ke mele wale nō, akā no ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni. A ma kāna kamaʻāina ʻo Maryanovka i ka makahiki 1970, ua hoʻoholo ka mea mele opera kaulana e wehe i kahi kula no nā mea mele ʻōpio.
ʻO ke ola ʻohana o ka mea pena ʻo Ivan Kozlovsky
ʻO kāna wahine mua ʻo Alexandra Gertsik, he Poltava prima donna. He 14 makahiki o Alexandra. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ia i pale aku i ka nalo ʻana o ke poʻo o Ivan me ka hauʻoli e pili ana i kēia balerina. Ma hope o 15 mau makahiki, hui ʻo Kozlovsky i kahi wahine ʻē aʻe āna i makemake ai e hoʻopili i kona ola. No kekahi mau makahiki, ua hoʻomau ʻo Kozlovsky, aloha i ka mea hana keaka ʻo Galina Sergeeva, e noho pū me Gertsik, a hiki i ka wahine akamai i hāʻawi iā ia i ke kūʻokoʻa.
Me Galina Sergeeva, ua mau ka male i kekahi mau makahiki. Ua hānau ʻo Galina i ʻelua mau kaikamahine, akā ʻaʻole i hana ka ʻohana ikaika. Ua huhūʻo Galina no ka hoʻoloheʻana o Kozlovsky i nā noi a nā malihini. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hāʻawi makana iā ia. Ua manaʻo ʻo ia he pono ka wahine e noho haʻahaʻa a hoʻokō i nā koi o kāna kāne. Hoʻopilikia kēia a hoʻonāukiuki i ka mea hana keaka. A i kekahi lā ua haʻalele ʻo ia iā Kozlovsky. ʻAʻole i male hou ke kāne haʻalele. I kēia manawa ua piha kona ola a pau i ke mele.
Hoʻoilina o Ivan Kozlovsky
Ua huakaʻi ʻo Ivan Semenovich Kozlovsky a hāʻawi i nā ʻahamele a hiki i ka makahiki 87. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana ʻahamele, ua komo ʻo ia i ka hana moʻokalaleo. Ua paʻi ʻia kāna mau memo i hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka mea mele opera, i ka makahiki 1992.
Ua make ʻo Ivan Kozlovsky i ka lā 21 o Dekemaba, 1993. ʻO nā ʻohana o Kozlovsky ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani i hoʻokumu i kahi kālā i kapa ʻia ma hope ona. Ua kākoʻo kēia hui i nā mea hana kiʻi e hana mua i ka holomua. Ma Rusia, ua mālama ʻia kahi ʻahaʻaina makahiki ma hope o I. S. Kozlovsky, kahi i hui pū ai i nā ʻōpio tenor e hōʻike i ko lākou mākaukau.
