ʻO Johnny Cash kekahi o nā mea koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi i nā mele ʻāina ma hope o ke Kaua Honua II. Me kāna leo baritone hohonu a me ka hoʻokani pila ʻokoʻa, ua loaʻa iā Johnny Cash kona ʻano ʻokoʻa.
ʻAʻole like ke kālā me nā mea pena kiʻi ʻē aʻe ma ka honua honua. Ua hana ʻo ia i kāna ʻano ponoʻī, ma waena o ke ʻano naʻau o ke mele, ke kipi o ka rock and roll, a me ka luhi ʻāina.
Ua hui like ka hana a Cash me ka hānau ʻana o ka rock and roll, a ʻo kona ʻano hīmeni a me kāna ʻano hoʻokani pila, ua like pū me nā mele mele. Eia nō naʻe, kaumaha ka mea hoʻokani pila i ka ʻāpana mōʻaukala o ka mele - e like me kāna e hōʻike ai ma hope me kāna pūʻulu mele mōʻaukala - ua pili mau kēia iā ia me kona ʻāina.
ʻO Johnny Cash kekahi o nā hōkū mele ʻāina nui loa o nā 50s a me 60s me ka 100 hit singles.
Ke ola ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kahi ʻoihana mele
ʻO Johnny Cash, nona ka inoa hānau ʻo JR Cash, ua hānau ʻia a hānai ʻia ma Arkansas a neʻe i Dyes i kona mau makahiki ʻekolu.
I ka piha ʻana o kona mau makahiki he 12, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kākau i kāna mau mele ponoʻī. Ua hoʻoikaika ʻia ʻo ia e nā mele ʻāina āna i lohe ai ma ka lekiō. I ke kula kiʻekiʻe ʻo Cash, hīmeni ʻo ia ma ke kahua lekiō ʻo Arkansas KLCN.
Ua puka ʻo Johnny Cash mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma 1950, neʻe i Detroit e hana pōkole i kahi hale hana kaʻa. Me ka puka ʻana o ke Kaua Korea, ua komo ʻo ia i ka US Air Force.
ʻOiai i ka Air Force, kūʻai ʻo Cash i kāna kīkā mua a aʻo iā ia iho e pāʻani. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kākau i nā mele me ka ikaika, me ka "Folsom Prison Blues". Ua haʻalele ʻo Cash i ka Air Force ma 1954, male i kahi wahine Texas i kapa ʻia ʻo Vivian Leberto, a neʻe ʻo ia i Memphis kahi i lawe ai ʻo ia i kahi papa ma ka hoʻolaha lekiō ma ke kula ʻo GI Bill Broadcasting School.
I nā ahiahi, hoʻokani ʻo ia i nā mele ʻāina i kahi trio i hui pū ʻia me ka mea hoʻokani pila ʻo Luther Perkins a me ka bassist Marshall Grant. Hoʻokani manuahi ka ʻekolu ma ka lekiō kūloko ʻo KWEM a hoʻāʻo e hoʻopaʻa i nā gigs a me nā loiloi ma Sun Records.
ʻO ke ala a Johnny Cash i ka holomua
Ua loaʻa i ke kanaka ʻōpio kahi hoʻokolokolo me Sun Records i ka makahiki 1955. Ua hoʻokuʻu koke ʻo Cash iā "Cry Cry Cry" / "Hey Porter" i kāna mele mua no Sun. ʻO Phillips, ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka lepili i kapa ʻia ka mea mele ma ka inoa ʻo Johnny, ka mea i hoʻonāukiuki i ke kanaka no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻo ia he ʻōpiopio loa kēlā inoa.
Ua lanakila ka "Cry Cry Cry" hoʻokahi i kona hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana i ka makahiki 1955, ua komo ʻo ia i nā palapala kiʻi aupuni ma ka helu 14. ʻO ka lua o ka "Folsom Prison Blues" i paʻi i ka ʻelima kiʻekiʻe ma ka ʻāina i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 1956, a me kāna ukali " I Walk the Line ” i helu ʻia i ka helu ʻekahi no ʻeono pule a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā mele mele pop 20 kiʻekiʻe.
He mea hoʻokani kūleʻa like ʻo Cash ma 1957, me kekahi mau hits ma ka ʻāina, me ka Top 15 single "Give My Love to Rose".
Ua hoʻomaka pū ʻia ʻo Cash ma ka Grand Ole Opry i kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, e ʻaʻahu ana i ka ʻeleʻele aʻo nā mea hana ʻē aʻe e ʻaʻahu ana i nā lole nani a me ka rhinestone. I ka hopena, ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa "The Man in Black" (The Man in Black).
Ua lilo ʻo Cash i mea pena kiʻi mua ma ka inoa Sun e hoʻokuʻu i kahi album "hoʻokani lōʻihi" i Nowemapa 1957. A laila komo ʻo Johnny Cash me kāna Hot and Blue Guitar i nā hale kūʻai mele a pau.
Ua hoʻomau ka holomua o Cash i ka makahiki 1958, i ka wā i hoʻopaʻa ai ʻo Cash i kāna mele nui loa ʻo "Ballad of a Teenage Queen" (helu ʻekahi ma nā palapala no nā pule he ʻumi), a me kahi mele hoʻokahi, "Guess Things Happen That Way". No ka hapa nui o 1958, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Cash e hoʻopaʻa i kahi album ʻeuanelio, akā ua hōʻole ʻo Sun Records e hoʻopaʻa iā ia.
ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Sun e hoʻonui i ka uku aliʻi o Cash. ʻO kēia mau mea ʻelua i hoʻoholo i ka manaʻo o ka mea leo e haʻalele i ka lepili a kau inoa me Columbia Records ma 1958.
I ka pau ʻana o ka makahiki, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i kāna mele mua no ka lepili, "All Over Again", a ua lilo i Top Five hit hou. Ua hoʻomau ʻo Sun i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā mele mele a me nā album o nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻia e Cash i nā makahiki 60.
ʻO ka hakakā ma waena o ka inoa inoa no Johnny Cash
"Mai lawe i kāu mau pū i ke kaona", ʻo ka lua o Johnny Cash no Columbia, ʻo ia kekahi o kāna mau mele nui loa, a hiki i ka piko o nā palapala ʻāina. I loko o kēia makahiki, ua hakakā ʻo Sun Records a me Columbia Records no ka papa kiʻekiʻe o nā palapala, e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā mele mai ka mea hoʻokani pila. Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, hoʻokuʻu ʻo Columbia - "Frankie's Man Johnny", "I Got Stripes" a me "Five Feet High and Rising" - ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka Sun singles, akā ʻo "Luther Played the Boogie" i hana i ka ʻumi kiʻekiʻe.
I kēlā makahiki hoʻokahi, ua loaʻa iā Cash ka manawa e hana ai i kāna moʻolelo ʻeuanelio, Himeni na Johnny Cash.
Ua lilo ʻo Tennessee ʻelua i Tennessee ʻekolu i ka makahiki 1960 me ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani pahu WS Holland.
Nā pilikia i loko o ke ola - he pilikia i ka hoʻokumu
ʻOiai ua hoʻomau ʻo Cash i ka hoʻopuka ʻana i nā hits, ua hoʻomaka ka wikiwiki o kāna ʻoihana e lawe i kāna kālā. I ka makahiki 1959, ua hoʻomaka ka mea hoʻokani pila i nā amphetamines e kōkua iā ia e hoʻokō i kahi papa manawa o kahi kokoke i 300 mau ʻahamele i ka makahiki.
I ka makahiki 1961, ua piʻi nui kāna hoʻohana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, a ua pilikia kāna hana. Ua hōʻike ikaika ʻia kēia i ka emi ʻana o nā mele a me nā album. I ka makahiki 1963, ua neʻe ka mea mele i New York, a haʻalele i kona ʻohana.
ʻO June Carter, ʻo ia ka wahine a kekahi o nā hoaaloha inu ʻo Cash, ʻo Carl Smith, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo e hoʻi ʻo ia i ka piko o nā palapala me "Ring of Fire". Ua kākau pū ʻo ia me Merle Kilgore.
ʻO ka "Ring of Fire" hoʻokahi i hoʻopau i ʻehiku mau pule ma ka piko o nā palapala kiʻi a hiki i ka 20 hits kiʻekiʻe. Ua hoʻomau ʻo Cash i kāna kūleʻa i ka makahiki 1964 i ka wā i lilo ai ʻo "Understand Your Man" i helu helu hoʻokahi.
Eia nō naʻe, pōkole ka hoʻi ʻana mai o Cash i kona wā i komo ai i loko o kāna ʻona lāʻau lapaʻau a ʻike ʻia kāna mau mele hoʻokani pila.
Ua hopu ʻia ʻo Cash ma El Paso no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻokuʻu i ka amphetamine i loko o ka ʻāina i kāna hihia kīkā ma 1965.
I ka makahiki hoʻokahi, ua haʻalele ka Grand Ole Opry mai ka hana a ka mea hoʻokani pila.
I ka makahiki 1966, ua hoʻopiʻi ka wahine a Cash, ʻo Vivian, no ka hemo. Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana, neʻe ʻo Cash i Nashville. I ka wā mua ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i ke ʻano o ke ola, akā ʻaʻole i liuliu ua lilo ʻo Johnny i mau hoaaloha me June Carter, nāna i haʻalele iā Carl Smith.
Me ke kōkua ʻana o Carter, ua hiki iā ia ke kīkē i kāna mau mea hoʻohui; ua huli hoi oia i ka aoao Kristiano. Ua hoʻomaka kāna ʻoihana e hoʻi i hope i ka wā i paʻi ai ʻo "Jackson" a me "Rosanna's Going Wild" i ka ʻumi kiʻekiʻe.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1968, i ka wā o ka ʻaha mele, ua noi ʻo Cash e mare iā Carter; ua male lāua i kēlā pūnāwai.
Nā moʻolelo hou a Johnny
Ma 1968, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Cash a hoʻokuʻu i kāna album kaulana loa, ʻo Johnny Cash ma Folsom Prison. I ka hopena o ka makahiki, ua lilo ka moʻolelo i ke gula.
I ka makahiki aʻe, ua hoʻokuʻu ka mea hoʻokani pila, ʻo Johnny Cash ma San Quentin, kahi i hōʻike ʻia i kāna Top 10 pop single, "A Boy Named Sue". Ua hiki i ka helu ʻekolu ma ka pakuhi.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Johnny Cash ma kā Bob Dylan's 1969 country rock album Nashville Skyline ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila. Ua hoʻihoʻi ʻo Dylan i ka lokomaikaʻi i kahi hoa hana ma ka hōʻike ʻana i ka manawa mua o The Johnny Cash Show, ka papahana kīwī a ka mea mele no ABC. Ua holo ka Johnny Cash Show no ʻelua makahiki, mai 1969 a i 1971.
Ua hōʻea ke kālā i kona lua kiʻekiʻe i ka kaulana i ka makahiki 1970. Ma waho aʻe o kāna hōʻike kīwī, ua hoʻokani ʻo ia no Pelekikena Richard Nixon ma ka Hale Paʻi, hoʻokani pū me Kirk Douglas ma Gunfight, hīmeni pū me John Williams a me ka Boston Pop Band, a ua hōʻike ʻia ma kahi palapala.
Ua like ka maikaʻi o kāna kūʻai album, ʻoiai ʻo "Sunday Morning Coming Down" a me "Flesh and Blood" nā helu ʻekahi.
I ka makahiki 1971, ua loaʻa mau ʻo Cash i kāna mau mea kaua, me ka mele kaulana loa "Man in Black".
Ua lilo ʻo Cash lāua ʻo Carter i mea ʻoi aku ka ʻoihana i nā makahiki 70, e hoʻolaha ana i nā pono kīwila o nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me nā paʻahao, a hana pinepine pū me Billy Graham.
I ka waena o 70s, ua hoʻomaka ka hele ʻana o Cash ma nā palapala kiʻi ʻāina, akā hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka helu ʻana i kekahi manawa e like me 1976's "One Piece in Time", "There Ain't No Good Chain Gang" a me "(Ghost) Riders in. ka Lani."
Ua paʻi ʻia ʻo Man in Black, ʻo Johnny Cash's autobiography, i ka makahiki 1975.
I ka makahiki 1980, lilo ʻo ia i mea hoʻokani ʻōpio loa i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka Hale Hoʻohanohano Country Music. Eia naʻe, he manawa paʻakikī nā 80s no Cash no ka mea e emi ana kāna mau kūʻai moʻolelo a ua holo ʻo ia i nā pilikia me Columbia.
Ua hui pū ʻo Cash, ʻo Carl Perkins lāua ʻo Jerry Lee Lewis e hana i ka The Revenant ma 1982. Ua liʻiliʻi ka lanakila o ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
ʻO The Highwaymen - kahi hui e hōʻike ana iā Johnny Cash, Waylon Jennings, Willie Nelson a me Kris Kristofferson - ua hoʻokuʻu i kā lākou album mua ma 1985, a ua kūleʻa loa. I ka makahiki aʻe, ua hoʻopau ʻo Cash a me Columbia Records i kā lāua pilina, a ua pūlima ka mea hoʻokani me Mercury Nashville.
Ua hāʻule ka hana me ka lepili hou, ʻoiai ua hakakā ka hui a me ka mea mele no ko lākou ʻano ponoʻī.
Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomaka ka lekiō ʻāina e makemake i nā mea pena kiʻi hou aʻe, a ua ʻike koke ʻo Cash iā ia iho ma waho o nā palapala. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hana ʻahamele kaulana.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo Highwaymen i kahi album ʻelua i ka makahiki 1992 a ʻoi aku ka lanakila ma mua o nā album Mercury Cash. Ma ka manawa like, ua pau kāna ʻaelike me Mercury.
I ka makahiki 1993, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ka mea mele i kahi ʻaelike me American Records. ʻO kāna album mua no ka lepili, American Recordings, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka mea hoʻokumu lepili ʻo Rick Rubin iā ia iho a he hōʻiliʻili leo mele kupaianaha o nā mele.
ʻO ka album, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he kūleʻa kūʻai maikaʻi loa, ua hana maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hoʻāla hou ʻana i ka ʻoihana a Cash a hoʻopili iā ia me kahi poʻe ʻōpio a me ka poʻe ʻōpio.
I ka makahiki 1995, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo The Highwaymen i kā lākou album ʻekolu, The Road Goes on Forever.
I ka makahiki aʻe, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Cash i kāna album lua no American Records, Unchained, i loaʻa ke kākoʻo mai Tom Petty a me The Heartbreakers.
I ka pūnāwai o 2000, ua hoʻomākaukau ʻo Cash i ka hui ʻekolu-disc "Love, God, Murder" i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i nā kumumanaʻo mele nui i lanakila ma kāna ʻoihana. Ua puka mai kahi album studio hou, ʻAmelika III: Solitary Man, ma hope o kēlā makahiki.
ʻO ka hopena o ka hana a Johnny Cash
Ua pilikia nā pilikia olakino iā Cash i nā makahiki 90 a me 2000, akā hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana ma ke keena.
I ka makahiki 2003, ua loaʻa i ka wikiō mele a Mark Romanek no ka uhi ʻo Nine Inch Nails o "Hurt" i ka mahalo nui ʻia a me ka nānā ʻana i ka media, a ua hoʻopau ʻia i kahi koho pīhoihoi no ka Video of the Year ma ka MTV Video Music Awards.
Ma hope koke iho o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā manaʻo maikaʻi o ka wikiō, ua make ka wahine aloha a Johnny Cash, ʻo June Carter Cash, no ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana mai ka ʻoki puʻuwai.
ʻEhā mahina ma hope mai, ma Nashville, Tennessee, ua make pū ʻo Johnny i nā pilikia mai ka maʻi diabetes.
He 71 kona mau makahiki. ʻElima mahina ma hope mai, ua paʻi ka "Legend of Johnny Cash" i ka ʻumi kiʻekiʻe. I ka makahiki 2006, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Lost Highway i kahi moʻolelo ʻē aʻe o kā Cash kaʻao "ʻAmelika" hoʻopaʻa leo, ʻAmelika V: A Hundred Highways, mai nā kau hope loa o ka mea mele me Rick Rubin.
ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu hope ʻana o kēia mau kau i hōʻike ʻia i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 2010 ma lalo o ke poʻo inoa ʻAmelika VI: Ain't No Grave a ʻo ia ka hoʻokuʻu hope loa mai American Recordings.
Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Sony Legacy i ka makahiki 2011 i kahi pūʻulu o nā mele kālā loaʻa ʻole, ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia a paʻakikī paha e loaʻa mai nā album ʻelua-disc Bootleg, Vol. 1: Kōnae pilikino.
I ka pūnāwai o 2014, ua puka mai ʻo Out Out of the Stars - kahi hōʻiliʻili o nā mea i hoʻokuʻu ʻole ʻia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā makahiki 80.
