ʻO Maria Maksakova he mea hoʻokani keaka Soviet. ʻOiai nā kūlana a pau, ua ulu maikaʻi ka biography haku mele o ka mea pena. Ua hāʻawi nui ʻo Maria i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mele opera.
ʻO Maksakova ke kaikamahine a kekahi kanaka kālepa a he wahine hoʻi a kekahi kamaʻāina ʻē. Ua hānau ʻo ia i kahi keiki mai kahi kāne i holo i ka USSR. Ua hiki i ka mea mele opera ke pale aku i ka hoʻopaʻi. Eia kekahi, ua hoʻomau ʻo Maria i ka hana nui i ka hale keaka nui o ka Soviet Union. Ua paʻa pinepine ka opera diva i nā makana mokuʻāina a me nā makana.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka'ōpiopio o ka mea pena Maria Maksakova
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Maria Maksakova i ka makahiki 1902 ma ka panalāʻau ʻo Astrakhan. ʻO Sidorova ka inoa kaikamahine o ka mea mele opera. ʻO Maria ka muli loa o nā keiki a ka limahana ʻoihana moku ʻo Astrakhan ʻo Pyotr Vasilyevich a me kāna wahine ʻo Lyudmila, he wahine mahiʻai maʻamau.
Ua ulu koke ke kaikamahine. Ua nalowale kona makuakāne i kona wā ʻōpiopio. I mea e kaumaha ole ai ka ohana me na lilo, ua hoomaka o Maria e loaa kona ola ponoi nona iho. Ua hīmeni ʻo Maksakova i ka papa hīmeni o ka hale pule. Ua hauʻoli nui ʻo Masha i ka hīmeni ʻana. Ua moeʻuhane ʻo ia i kahi kahua nui.
ʻO ka hoʻomaka o ka hana a ka mea mele Maria Maksakova
Ua loaʻa iā Maria kāna hoʻonaʻauao leo ʻoihana ma ke kula ʻo Astrakhan College of Music, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma 1900. ʻO ia ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ke kaua kīwila. Ua hāʻawi ʻo Maria i nā ʻahamele i mua o nā koa ʻulaʻula, e paipai ana i nā koa me kāna mele.
I ka makahiki 1919, ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Krasny Yar, hoʻokani ka mea mele i kahi ʻāpana opera no ka manawa mua. ʻO kāna hana i hoʻohauʻoli nui i ka lehulehu a hāʻawi ka lehulehu i ka diva ʻōpio i ke kū ʻana.
Ma hope o kēlā, hele mai ʻo Maria e kiʻi i kahi hana ma ka hui opera Astrakhan. Ma mua o ke kākau inoa ʻana, ua noi ʻia ʻo ia e hana i kahi ʻāpana mai ka opera "Eugene Onegin" na P. I. Tchaikovsky. Ua pau ia hana. ʻO ka ʻikepili leo o ka mea mele i manaʻo maikaʻi loa i nā ʻoihana. Ua hoʻolimalimaʻiaʻo Maria Maksakova.
ʻAʻole hauʻoli nā kānaka a pau me Mary. Ua huāhuhewa nā lālā o ka hui i ke kaikamahine akamai. Ua ʻōlelo ʻino ʻia ʻo ia ma hope o kona kua, e hoʻolaha mau ana i nā ʻōlelo hoʻohenehene. Ua makemake lākou e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mana o Maksakova, akā ua ikaika loa ke ʻano o Maria a ʻaʻole i kūleʻa nā hoʻāʻo a pau a ka poʻe manaʻo ʻino.
I ka manawa i lohe ai ʻo ia i kā lākou ʻōlelo ʻana e pili ana iā ia: "ʻAʻole ʻo ia i ʻike pehea e hele ai a puni ke kahua, akā noi ʻo ia e lilo i leo leo." I loko o kāna mau moʻolelo, ua hoʻomanaʻo ka opera diva he naʻaupō loa ʻo ia a kū ʻo ia ma hope o ke kahua, e nānā ana i ka hele ʻana o ka poʻe akamai. Ua ho'āʻo ʻo Maria e kope i ke ʻano o ka poʻe mele mele, me ka ʻike ʻole ua lawa ʻo ia iā ia iho a hoihoi i ka lehulehu.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua lawe ʻia ka pou o ke poʻo o ka hui e ke kumu a me ka mea kālepa Maximilian Schwartz, nāna i hana ma lalo o ka pseudonym Maksakov. Ua hoʻonāukiuki ke kāne iā Maria me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ʻaʻole lawa ka mana o kona leo a hiki ke hana i nā mea hou aku inā e aʻo ʻo ia me kahi kumu. Ua lawe ʻo Maria i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a Schwartz. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻoikaika ikaika i kona hiki ke kani.
ʻO ke ala hoʻomohala ʻo Maria Maksakova
I ka makahiki 1923, ua puka mua 'o Maria Maksakova ma ke kahua o ka hale keaka Bolshoi. Ua hīmeni ʻo ia i nā ʻāpana o Amneris ma Giuseppe Verdi's Aida. Ua hele 'o Sergei Lemeshev i ka hana mua o ka opera diva. A laila e aʻo mau ana ʻo ia ma ka conservatory. Pīhoihoi ka mea pena kiʻi o ka poʻe e hiki mai ana i ka leo o Mary a me kona hiki ke noho ma ke kahua. Ua hoihoi ʻia ʻo ia e ka uʻi o ka mea mele, ʻo ia hoʻi kona ʻano lahilahi a me nā hiʻohiʻona lokahi.
Ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka repertoire o Maria me nā pāʻina hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ua pāʻani ʻo ia i ka opera "Carmen" na Georges Bizet, "The Snow Maiden" a me "May Night" na Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, "Lohengrin" na Richard Wagner. Ua piʻi nui ka kaulana o ka mea mele.
ʻO Maria Maksakova, ʻaʻole like me nā mea i hana ʻia, ʻaʻole i hilahila i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā haku mele Soviet. Eia kekahi laʻana, ua komo ka mea mele i ka hanaʻana o Arseny Gladkovsky a me Yevgeny Prussak "No Red Petrograd". ʻO ia ka mea mua i hīmeni i ke kuleana o Almast i ka opera o ka inoa like e Alexander Stipendiarov.
ʻO ka mea punahele a Stalin, hoʻokahi mahina ma hope o ka make ʻana o ke alakaʻi, ua hoʻomaha ʻole ʻia. No ia, he mea weliweli kēia, ʻoiai he 51 makahiki wale nō ʻo Mary. ʻAʻole i kāhāhā ʻia ʻo Maksakova. Ua hana ʻo ia i nā mele aloha a aʻo ʻia ma GITIS.
Ma hope koke iho, ua loa'a iā Maria kāna punahele mua -'o Tamara Milashkina. Ua kākoʻo ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana a ua hana nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o Tamara ma ke ʻano he mele opera.
Ua hāʻawi nui ʻo Maria Maksakova i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka opera Lūkini. Mahalo i nā leo leo, ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ka wehewehe ʻana o ka mea mele o nā romances e nā poʻe Soviet he maʻamau. ʻOiai naʻe, ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa o "People's Artist" i ka makahiki 1971 wale nō.
ʻO ke ola pilikino o Maria Maksakova
ʻO ke kāne mua o ka mea mele opera ʻo Maksakov ka wahine kāne make. ʻAʻole ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui o ka makahiki, ʻaʻole hoʻi ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o Maksakov mau kamaʻāina ʻelua i pale i ka hauʻoli ʻohana. Wahi a kekahi manaʻo ua haʻi ʻo Xenia Jordanskaya (Maksakov wahine) iā ia e mare iā Maria ma mua o kona make ʻana.
Ua hoʻohana ke kāne kūhelu a Maria i nā pilina e pono ai e ʻae ʻia kāna wahine ʻōpio i loko o ka hui o ka Bolshoi Theatre. Ua pili pono nā ola pilikino a me nā mea hana o nā kāne. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ka mea mele opera ma hope o kēlā me kēia hana, hui nā kāne a nānā i nā hewa āna i hana ai i ka wā e hoʻokani ai i nā ʻāpana.
I ka makahiki 1936, ua nalowale kāna kāne ʻo Maria Maksakova. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo ia ma ke kūlana he wahine kāne make no ka lōʻihi. Ma hope koke iho, ua mare ka wahine i ka diplomat Yakov Davtyan. Ua mālie a mālie ka noho ʻana o ka ʻohana me Iakoba. ʻO ka hopena o ka hauʻoli i waiho ʻia e ka hopu ʻana a me ka pepehi ʻana i ka diplomat.
Nā keiki a ka mea pena
I ka makahiki 38, ua lilo ʻo Maria Maksakova i makuahine. Ua hānau ʻo ia i kaikamahine, a kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Lyudmila. Ua'ōlelo lākou ua hānau ka wahine iā Alexander Volkov. Ua hana pū ke kanaka ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Bolshoi. I loko o nā makahiki kaua, ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e haʻalele i ka USSR a neʻe i ʻAmelika.
ʻO Patronymic "Vasilievna" Lyudmila Maksakova i hāʻawi ʻia e kahi hoaaloha maikaʻi o kona makuahine kaulana, he limahana o nā keʻena palekana mokuʻāina ʻo Vasily Novikov. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi ʻano o ka hānau ʻana o kahi kaikamahine. 'Ōlelo lākou ua hānauʻo Maria iā Joseph Stalin, he mea makemake i ka mea mele opera.
Ua puka 'o Lyudmila mai ke kula ki'eki'e keaka 'o M. S. Shchepkin. I ka manawa o 2020, ua helu ʻia kahi wahine ma kahi kula hoʻonaʻauao ma ke kūlana kumu. Ua ʻike ʻo ia iā ia iho he mea hana keaka. Ma waena o nā hana koʻikoʻi i hana ʻia e Maksakova: Tanya Ogneva (ma ka pāʻani ʻo Isidor Annensky "Tatiana's Day"), ʻo Rosalind Aizenstein (ma ke kiʻi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni o Johann Strauss 'operetta "Die Fledermaus") a me Miss Emily Brent ("Ten Little Indians") .
ʻAʻole i hoʻoilina ke kaikamahine i ka leo maikaʻi o kona makuahine akamai. Akā, ua hana houʻo ia i kona hopena. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua maleʻeluaʻo Lyudmila. I ka makahiki 1970, ua hānau ʻo Lyudmila i kahi keikikāne mai ka mea pena Felix-Lev Zbarsky. ʻElua makahiki ma hope mai, ua neʻe ke kāne mai ka Soviet Union.
5 mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o Maria Maksakova, ua hānau ʻia kāna moʻopuna, i kapa ʻia ma hope o ka opera diva. Ma ke ala, he kanaka media ʻo Maria Maksakova Jr. ʻO ka wahine he ʻāpana o ka Mariinsky Theatre a he hope mua o ka State Duma o Russia. I ka makahiki 2016, ua neʻe ka mea kaulana i ka ʻāina o Ukraine.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana iā Maria Maksakova
- Ma ka monument no Mary, ua hōʻike ʻia kona inoa kaikamahine.
- ʻO ka manaʻo no ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni e Eldar Ryazanov "Station for Two" kekahi mau manawa o ke ola pilikino o Maksakova.
- ʻO ke kāne lua o ka mea mele opera i alakaʻi i ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana o ka Leningrad Polytechnic Institute.
Make o Maria Maksakova
Ua make ʻo Maria Petrovna Maksakova i ʻAukake 1974. I ka lā hoʻolewa, ua ʻākoakoa nui ka poʻe. No ka hōʻoia ʻana ʻaʻole i ʻeha kekahi, ua mākaʻikaʻi nā mākaʻi kauā.
Ua kanu ʻia ka opera diva ma ka hale kupapaʻu ʻo Vvedensky o ke kapikala o ka Russian Federation. Ma kona kūlanakauhale hānau, ua kapa ʻia kahi alanui, kahi ʻāpana, a me kahi philharmonic ma muli o Maria Maksakova. Mai ka hopena o 1980s, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻaha mele ma hope o Valeria Barsova lāua ʻo Maria Maksakova ma Astrakhan.
