ʻO Mark Fradkin he haku mele a he mea hoʻokani pila. ʻO ka mea kākau o ka maestro no ka hapa nui o nā hana mele o ka waena o ke kenekulia XNUMX. Ua loaʻa iā Mark ka inoa o People's Artist o ka USSR.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio
ʻO ka lā hānau o Maestro ʻo Mei 4, 1914. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Vitebsk. I kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ke keikikāne, neʻe ka ʻohana i Kursk. Ua hana nā mākua ma ke ʻano he kauka.
Ua makua ʻole ʻo Mark i ka wā mua a ua aʻo ʻo ia i nā mea maoli o ke ola. Ua pepehi ʻia ke poʻo o ka ʻohana e ka poʻe keʻokeʻo i ka piha ʻana o ke keiki kāne i 6 mau makahiki. ʻO koʻu makuahine, he Iudaio ma ka lāhui, ua pana ʻino ʻia e ka poʻe Kelemania i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua.
Hoʻomanaʻo ka maestro he paʻakikī iā ia ke aʻo ʻana ma ke kula. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kūlana ma muli o ka hoʻololi pinepine ʻia ʻana o ia mai kahi kula hoʻonaʻauao i kekahi. Ua aʻo ʻo ia ma nā kula āpau ma Kursk. I kēlā me kēia manawa pono ʻo ia e hoʻololi hou i ke kaiapuni hou, nā kumu a me nā hoa papa.
ʻAʻole pili nā leʻaleʻa o ka ʻōpio i ka hoʻomohala. Ua akamai ʻo ia i ka piano, akā ʻaʻole i hoihoi iki ke mele i kēlā manawa. Ua makemake ʻo Fradkin i ka ʻenehana. ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka wā kamaliʻi o ka maestro e hiki mai ana ʻaʻohe mele.
ʻO ke ala noʻonoʻo o ka haku mele ʻo Mark Fradkin
Ma hope o kona haʻalele ʻana i ke kula, ua komo ʻo Mark i ke kula ʻenehana kūloko. Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o kāna diploma, ua noho ʻo ia i kekahi mau makahiki ma kahi hale hana lole. I kekahi manawa ma hope mai, ua komo ʻo Fradkin i ka Belarusian Drama Theatre. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻomaka kēia o kahi ʻaoʻao hou i kāna moʻolelo.
Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke keaka keaka, ua hele 'o ia i ke kapikala o Moscow. ʻOiai ʻo ia ma Leningrad, ua komo ʻo Fradkin i ke kula ʻo Central Theatre. I loko o kēia manawa, no ka manawa mua, hōʻike ʻo ia i kāna talena ma ke ʻano he haku mele.
Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ke kulanui, ua hele 'o ia e hana ma ka hale keaka o ka Young Spectator ma Minsk. Eia kekahi, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka papa haku mele o ka Belarusian Conservatory. Ua hele mai ʻo Mark ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka mea akamai ʻo N.I. Aladov.
I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 30, ua kāhea ʻia ʻo ia e hoʻihoʻi i kāna ʻaiʻē i ka ʻāina makuahine. Ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo Mark iā Vinnitsa. A laila ua hoʻohui ʻo ia i kahi hui amateur. I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, ua lawe ʻo ia i kahi o ka mea alakaʻi o ka hui KVO.
I ka manawa like, ua ʻike nui ʻo Mark me ka haku mele ʻo Yevgeny Dolmatovsky. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hōʻike lākou i ka lehulehu me kahi haku mele. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka hana mele "Song of the Dnieper". Ua hoʻomaka ka mele i ka makahiki 1941. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēia hana i lawe mai iā Mark i mea kaulana ma ka Soviet Union.
ʻO nā hana mele ma hope mai "Random Waltz" a me "The Road to Berlin", i hana ʻia e Leonid Utyosov, ua lilo i mau mea make ʻole. I ka waena o 40, ua lilo ʻo Mark i ʻāpana o ka Union of Composers o ka USSR. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻomohala i kāna ʻoihana hana i ke kapikala o Rusia.
I loko o nā makahiki o ka noʻonoʻo, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Fradkin i ke mele mele no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni he kanalima. Ua komo nā hana a ka mea haku mele i loko o ka papa mele o nā haku mele kaulana he nui o ia manawa: ʻo Robert Rozhdestvensky, Lev Oshanin, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Nā kiko'ī o ke ola pilikino o ka maestro
ʻO Mark mau ke kikowaena o ka nānā. He punahele maoli ʻo ia i nā lede. ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻelele o ka wahine nāwaliwali ke pale aku i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano chic o ka lole.
ʻO ka haku mele, inā he haʻahaʻa, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohana me ka hilahila ʻole i kona kūlana. Akā, ua ʻōlelo ka maestro he monogamous inveterate. 'O kona ola a pau, noho 'o ia me ho'okahi wahine - Fradkina Raisa Markovna. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ma nā pōʻai mele, a ua kōkua i ka holomua o kāna kāne.
Ua hānai lāua i kahi kaikamahine maʻamau. Ua male ʻo Eugenia (ke kaikamahine a ka maestro) i ka haku mele ʻAuseturia. Ua hahai ka moopuna a Mark i ka meheu o kona kupunakane. Uaʻikeʻo ia iā ia iho ma kahiʻoihana hana.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana iā Mark Fradkin
- I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 70, ma ka papahana kaulana ʻo Good Morning! no ka manawa mua, ua kani kekahi o nā mele kaulana loa o ka repertoire a Mark - "E lawe wau iā ʻoe i ka tundra".
- Ma nā kūlana Soviet, he kanaka waiwai loa ia. Ua hoʻokani ʻia kāna mau hana mele a puni ka ʻāina ma nā kahua ʻaha mele.
- I ka hopena o nā makahiki 70, ua lilo ʻo ia i laureate o ka USSR State Prize.
- I ka waena o nā makahiki 70, ua hoʻomaka ka mua o ka puke autobiographical "My Biography".
Make o ka haku mele ʻo Mark Fradkin
Ua ʻoki koke ʻia kona ola. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 90, hele mai kahi kanaka i ka ʻaha kūkā o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Moscow e hoʻoponopono i kekahi mau pilikia hale, i ka wā i haʻalele ai ʻo Mark i ke keʻena, ua manaʻo koke ʻo ia. Noho ʻo ia ma luna o kahi noho a make. Ua hoʻokuʻu ka naʻau o ka haku mele iā ia. ʻO ʻApelila 4, 1990 ka lā i make ai ʻo Fradkin.
Hoʻomaha ʻia kona kino ma ka hale kupapaʻu o Novodevichy. Aia ka lua kupapaʻu o Mark ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lua o kāna wahine. Ua kūkulu ʻo Fradkin i kahi monument maʻamau.
