He kanaka ʻo Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov me ka ʻole o nā mele Lūkini, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mele honua, ʻaʻole hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia. Ua kākau ke alakaʻi, haku mele a me ka mea hoʻokani pila no kāna hana hoʻomohala lōʻihi:
- 15 mau opera;
- 3 symphonies;
- 80 aloha.
Eia kekahi, he nui ka nui o nā hana symphonic i ka maestro. ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, i kona wā kamaliʻi, ua moe ʻo Nikolai i kahi ʻoihana ma ke ʻano he luina. Makemake ʻo ia i ka palapala honua a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke noʻonoʻo i kona ola me ka hele ʻole. I ka hoʻokō ʻana o kāna moeʻuhane, a hele ʻo ia i kahi huakaʻi a puni ka honua, ua uhaʻi ʻo ia i kāna mau hoʻolālā. Ua makemake ka maestro e hoʻi i ka ʻāina i ka hikiwawe a hāʻawi iā ia iho i ke mele.
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: Ke kamaliʻi a me ka'ōpio
Ua hānau ʻia ka maestro ma ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi o Tikhvin. Ua noho waiwai ka ʻohana, no laila ʻaʻole pono ka ʻohana nui i kekahi mea.
Ua hānai nā mākua i ʻelua keikikāne maikaʻi - Warrior a me Nikolai. Ua hoʻoholo ke keiki hiapo e hahai i nā wāwae o kona kupuna kāne. Ua piʻi aʻela ʻo ia i ke kūlana o ka ʻAmila hope moana. He mea mahalo ia he 22 makahiki o ke Koa ma mua o Nikolai. He mana ke kaikunāne no ka maestro. Hoʻolohe mau ʻo ia i kona manaʻo.
Ke hoomakaukauia nei o Nikolai no kona lawelawe ana ma ka Navy. Ua akamai loa ke poo o ka ohana i ka paani ma kekahi mau mea kani i ka manawa hookahi. Ua kōkua ʻo ia i ka hōʻike ʻana o nā keikikāne ʻelua i ke aloha nui i ke mele. ʻO ka mea nui, mele ʻo Kolya liʻiliʻi i ka papa mele o ka hale pule. A i ka makahiki 9 ua kākau ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana mele mua.
I kona wā ʻōpio, ua komo ʻo Nikolai i ka Naval Cadet Corps. Mai ia manawa mai, ʻaʻole wale ʻo ia i hoihoi i ka palapala honua, akā i ka hana noʻeau. Ma ke kapikala ʻākau, ua kipa ʻo ia i nā hale opera a hui pū me ka pōʻai honua moʻomeheu. Ma Moscou 'o ia i kama'āina mua ai me nā haku mele kaulana o nā haole a me Rusia.
Ma ʻaneʻi ua lawe ʻo ia i nā haʻawina cello mai ke kumu ʻo Ulich, a laila aʻo pū me ka mea hoʻokani piano ʻo Fyodor Kanille. I ka makahiki 1862, ua puka 'o Rimsky-Korsakov me ka hanohano mai ka moana. Ua pani ka hauʻoli i ke kaumaha. Ua ʻike ʻo Nikolai ua hala ke poʻo o ka ʻohana. Ma hope o ka make ʻana o kona makuakāne, neʻe ka ʻohana e noho i ke kapikala moʻomeheu o Rusia.
ʻO ke ala hana o ka haku mele
I ka makahiki 1861, ua laki o Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov e hui me Mily Balakirev (ka mea nana i hookumu i ke kula Mighty Handful). 'A'ole i ulu ka kama'āina i kahi pilina ikaika, akā ua ho'oikaika pū i ka ho'okumu 'ana o Rimsky-Korsakov ma ke 'ano he haku mele.
Ma lalo o ka mana o Milius, ua kākau ʻo Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov i ka Symphony No. 1, op. 1. ʻAʻole hiki i ka maestro ke hoʻoholo i kona manaʻo e hōʻike i ka hana, akā ma hope o kekahi mau hoʻoponopono ʻana, hōʻike ʻo ia i ka haku i loko o ka pōʻai o ka hui Mighty Handful. I ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻohana i St. Petersburg, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Nikolai i ka ulu ʻana.
I loko o kēia manawa, ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka haku mele i nā mea maʻalahi o ka moʻolelo. Ua hoʻoikaika ka ʻike hou i ka maestro e hana i ka haku mele "Sadko". Ua wehe ʻo Rimsky-Korsakov i ka lehulehu a me kāna mau hoa hana e like me ka "programming". Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻo ia i kahi ʻano symmetrical, mahalo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke mele i kahi kani ʻokoʻa loa, i lohe ʻole ʻia ma mua.
kālena maoli
Ua hoʻāʻo mau ʻo ia me nā ʻōnaehana fret, a ua hāʻawi kēia iā ia i ka leʻaleʻa maoli. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ma keʻano maoli, ua hāʻawiʻiaʻo ia i ka mea i kapaʻia he "hearing color", i hiki ai iā ia ke hana i kāna mauʻike pono'ī i ke kani o nā mele kahiko. No laila, ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka tonality o C major ma ke ʻano he malu māmā, a ʻo D major he melemele. Hoʻopili ka maestro iā E major me ka mea kai.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua ʻike ʻia kahi hui mele "Antar" i ka honua mele. A laila hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hana ma ke kākau ʻana i ka opera mua. I ka makahiki 1872, ua hau'oli ka po'e o ka hana a Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov i ke mele nani o ka opera The Maid of Pskov.
ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka maestro ka hoʻonaʻauao mele, akā i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1870 ua lilo ʻo ia i kumu aʻoaʻo ma ka Conservatory o St. Ua hala ʻo ia ma mua o 30 mau makahiki i loko o nā paia o ke kula hoʻonaʻauao.
Ua aloha ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana a hoʻomaikaʻi i kāna ʻoihana i ka manawa like. I ka wā o ke aʻo ʻana ma ka conservatory, ua kākau ʻo Nikolai i ka polyphonic, leo haku mele, a ua hana pū kekahi i nā concerto no kahi mea kani. I ka makahiki 1874 ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia i kona ikaika ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi. Ma hope o 6 mau makahiki, ua ho'okani 'o ia me kahi orkestra ma ke kapikala o ka Russian Federation.
Ua hana luhi ʻo Rimsky-Korsakov i nā makahiki 1980. I loko o kēia manawa, ua hoʻopiha ʻo ia i ka waihona puaʻa mele me nā hana make ʻole. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i nā suites orchestral "Scheherazade", "Spanish Capriccio" a me ka overture "Bright Holiday".
ʻO ka emiʻana o ka hana hana a ka maestro
Ua ʻike ʻia nā makahiki 1890 e ka emi ʻana o ka hana a ka mea haku mele kaulana. I loko o kēia manawa, ua puka mai nā hana akeakamai a ka maestro. Eia hou, ua hoʻololi ʻo ia i kekahi mau mele kahiko. He leo ʻokoʻa loa ka hana.
Ua hoʻololi ke kiʻi holoʻokoʻa i ka waena o 1890s. I loko o kēia manawa, hoʻomaka ʻo Rimsky-Korsakov e kākau i kekahi mau hana nani me ka ikaika hou. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka opera kaulana loa i kāna repertoire, ʻo The Tsar's Bride.
Ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i kekahi mau opera, ua kaulana ʻo Nikolai. Ua loli iki ke kiʻi i ka makahiki 1905. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻokuʻuʻiaʻo Rimsky-Korsakov mai ke kula hoʻonaʻauao a ua hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka mea i kapaʻia "papa inoaʻeleʻele". Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka neʻe kipi, ua kākoʻo ka haku mele i nā haumāna kuʻi, kahi i hoʻonāukiuki i nā mana.
Nā kiko'ī o ke ola pilikino o ka haku mele Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov
Ua moeʻuhaneʻo Rimsky-Korsakov i kahiʻohana ikaika a aloha i kona ola makua. I kekahi o nā ahiahi hana, ua hālāwai ʻo ia me ka mea hoʻokani piano ʻo Nadezhda Nikolaevna Purgold. Ma lalo o ke kumu o ke kōkua ʻana i ke kākau ʻana i kekahi o nā keaka, ua huli ʻo ia i kahi wahine no ke kōkua.
I ka wā lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana i ka opera, ua ala mai nā manaʻo ma waena o nā ʻōpio. Ua hoʻoholo koke lāua e male. Ua hānau ʻia nā keiki ʻehiku ma ka ʻohana. ʻO ka mea nui, ua make kekahi o lākou i ka wā kamaliʻi. ʻO ke kaikamahine muli loa, ʻo Sofia, ua hahai ma muli o ka wāwae o kona makuakāne. Mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai, he kanaka noʻonoʻo. Uaʻikeʻia ua liloʻo Sofia Rimskaya-Korsakova i mea kaulana ma keʻano he mele mele.
Ua ola ka wahine a ka maestro ma mua o kāna kāne i 11 mau makahiki. Ua make ka wahine i ka mai puupuu. Ma hope o ke kipi, ua kipaku ʻia ka ʻohana Korsakov mai ko lākou home. He poʻe malihini ma laila. A i nā makahiki 1870 wale nō o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hana nā luna i kahi hale hōʻikeʻike no ka hanohano o ka mea haku mele.
Nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka haku mele
- ʻOiai he keiki ʻekolu makahiki, ua pā ʻo Nikolai i nā memo ma ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka pahu.
- I kekahi manawa ua hakakā ʻo ia me ka mea kākau ʻo Leo Tolstoy. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻohewaʻo Tolstoy i ka hana a ka maestro, me ka'ōleloʻana he meaʻino kekahi mele aʻaʻole kūpono.
- Makemake ʻo ia i ka heluhelu. Aia ma kona papa he hale waihona puke kaulana o nā mele Lūkini.
- Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka maestro, ua paʻi ʻia kāna mau memo, kahi āna i kamaʻilio ai e pili ana i kāna mau hana haku mele.
- ʻO "The Tsar's Bride" na ka mea haku mele Lūkini i komo i ka 100 kiʻekiʻe o nā opera kaulana loa ma ka honua.
Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov: ʻO nā makahiki hope o kona ola
Ua hala ka maestro ma Iune 8, 1908. ʻO ke kumu o ka make ʻana he puʻuwai puʻuwai. Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o ka mea haku mele ua pāpā ʻia ka opera The Golden Cockerel mai ka hoʻokani ʻana, ua maʻi koke ʻo ia. I ka mua, ua kanu ʻia ke kino ma St. Petersburg. Ma hope mai, ua kanu hou ʻia nā koena i loko o ka "Masters of Arts Necropolis" o Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
