Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he haku mele a he mea hoʻokani pila mai ka "shot list". Ua kaulana ʻo Nikolai Zhilyaev i kona ola pōkole ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila, haku mele, kumu, kanaka lehulehu. I kona wā e ola ana, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he mana hiki ʻole ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia.
Ua ho'āʻo nā luna e holoi i kāna hana mai ka honua aku, a ua lanakila. A hiki i ka makahiki 80, he kakaikahi wale no ka poe i ike i na hana a Zhilyaev. ʻO nā hana ʻoihana a Nikolaev ke aʻo ʻana (composition), haʻawina kikokikona a me ka hoʻoponopono mele.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka'ōpiopio o Nikolai Zhilyaev
ʻO ʻOkakopa 6, 1881 ka lā hānau o Maestro. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina ʻo Kursk. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻike e pili ana i nā makahiki kamaliʻi o Nikolai. ʻO ka mea maopopo, no ka ʻohana maʻamau ʻo ia.
Mai kona wā kamaliʻi mai ua hoihoi ʻo ia i ka mele. I kona wā ʻōpio, hoʻokani ikaika ʻo Nikolai i kekahi mau mea kani. ʻO ka makana a me ka makemake e hoʻomohala i ka makahiki 1896 i lawe mai iā ia i ke kapikala o Rusia - Moscow.
No ʻekolu mau makahiki, ua aʻo ke kanaka ʻōpio i nā haʻawina i ka lokahi, polyphony o kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi, fugue a me ke ʻano mele mai S.I. Taneeva. ʻO Zhilyaev kekahi o nā haumāna akamai loa o ke kumu.
Ua hoihoi ʻia ʻo ia i ka improvisation, a no laila ua komo koke ʻo ia i nā mea kani ma lalo o ke alakaʻi koʻikoʻi a Konyus. ʻAʻole hiki iā Nikolay ke noʻonoʻo i kona ola me ke mele ʻole. Ua wānana nā kumu i kahi mele maikaʻi e hiki mai ana nona.
Ua puka 'o ia mai ka Moscow Conservatory. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia hou, ua haku ʻo ia i ka debut Overture, a me ka Scherzo no ka string quartet. Ma ke ʻano he hana hoʻokolokolo, ua hōʻike ka haku mele i ka cantata "Samson".
Ma ke ala, ua hui ʻo ia i kāna mau haʻawina ma ka conservatory me ke aʻo ʻana. No laila, ua a'o 'o ia i ke mele i ke keiki a me ka moopuna a ka mea kākau Lūkini Leo Tolstoy. Eia kekahi, ua hele mai i kāna mau papa ka philanthropist kaulana ʻo Morozova, a me ka Marshal e hiki mai ana o ka Soviet Union, M.N. Tukhachevsky.
Nā hana a Nikolai Zhilyaev
I ka manawa i hoʻolauna ai ʻo Nikolai Zhilyaev iā ia iho he kamaʻāina hou, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka mea mua o nā mea haku mele, a laila he mea hoʻokani pila. Hookani akamai ka maestro i ka piano a me ka okana.
I kona wā e ola ana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopuka i kekahi mau ʻāpana mele. ʻAʻole hiki i ka hapa nui o ka hana i nā mea hou. I kona wā e ola ana, ua hiki i ka poʻe mahalo i ka hana a Zhilyaev ke hauʻoli i nā ʻāpana āna i haku ai no ka piano a me ka violin, no ka leo a me ka piano.
Ua hoʻoikaika nui ʻia ka hana a ka haku mele e ka haku haole ʻo Grieg. No ke kama'āina me kāna kiʻi, hele kūikawā ʻo Nikolai i Norewai. Ua hiki iā ia ke kipa i ka haku mele. ʻAʻole i loaʻa ka huakaʻi i kahi kamaʻāina ʻoluʻolu wale nō, akā i ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻōlelo Norewai.
Ma hope o kona hōʻea ʻana mai Norewai, ua lawe ʻo ia i ka pseudonym haku mele Peer Gynt. ʻO ka mea nui paha, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke aloha nui i nā haku mele a Grieg i hoʻoholo ai e lawe i kēlā inoa nona iho. Me kēia inoa ua kau inoa ʻo ia i kāna mau ʻatikala ponoʻī. No kekahi manawa, ua hana ʻo Nikolai ma kahi nūpepa kūloko, e nānā ana i nā hana a nā haku mele Soviet. Ua hoʻonuiʻo Zhilyaev i konaʻike i kona ola a pau. He kanaka naʻauao loa ʻo ia a ʻike i nā ʻōlelo 5.
No nā makahiki he nui, ua lawelawe ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mele mele ma ka puke kaulana ʻo Russian Golden Fleece. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua ho'opuka 'o ia i nā 'atikala akamai ma ka makasina "Moscow Weekly" a me "Music".
He loea ʻo Nikolai Zhilyaev i nā moʻolelo notographic. Ua paʻi ʻia kāna mau ʻatikala ma nā puke pai "To New Shores", "Modern Music", "Musical Nov" a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua aloha 'o ia i ka hana a Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Alexandrov, Scriabin.
I loko o kēia manawa, hele nui ʻo ia. ʻAʻole kipa ʻo Zhilyaev i nā kūlanakauhale he nui wale o kona mokuʻāina, akā ua kipa pū ʻo ia iā Austria, Kelemānia, Norewai. ʻAʻole mahalo nā luna i ka makemake o Nikolai e aʻo i ka honua.
Nikolai Zhilyaev: komo i ke kūlana o ka bibliographer ma Tukhachevsky ke keʻena nui
I ka makahiki 1911 ua lilo ʻo ia i ʻāpana o ke kaiāulu "Music and Theoretical Library". Zhilyaev - pili pili me ka haku mele Scriabin. Kōkua ʻo ia iā ia e hoʻoponopono i kekahi o nā ʻāpana. I ka manaʻo o kona make ʻana, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Alexander e hāʻawi i kahi hapa o ka hana iā Nikolai.
ʻO kahi kamaʻāina kokoke iā Scriabin i ʻae iā ia e kipa pinepine i ka hale o Moscow. Ua kipa ʻo ia iā Alexander ma kāna dacha a ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea mua i hoʻolohe i nā sonata hope loa o ka haku mele i hana ʻia e ka mea kākau.
I ka wā o ke Kaua Kivila, ua hana ʻo ia ma ke keʻena nui o M. N. Tukhachevsky, e lawe ana i ke kūlana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Ma hope aku, e uku pihaʻo ia no ka loaʻaʻana o kekahiʻano pili me Mikhail Nikolaevich.
Mai ka waena o 30s o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kamaʻilio pili me Shostakovich. ʻO ka pilina pili ma waena o ka poʻe haku mele i pili pū me ka inoa o Tukhachevsky i haʻi ʻia aʻe nei, a ua lilo kona pilina i mea make no Nikolai.
ʻO ka hana hoʻoponopono - noho i ka liona o ka manawa hana a Nikolai. He lālā ʻo ia o ka papa hoʻoponopono o ka ʻāpana Gosizdat. Ua helu ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kākau o nā transcriptions no piano Allegro na A. Scriabin (ua paʻi ʻia ka hana ma ka hopena o nā makahiki 20 ma lalo o ke poʻo inoa Symphonic Poem for Orchestra). Eia hou, ua paʻi ʻo ia i ka C. Debussy's Symphony (1933), āna i haku ai i kona wā ʻōpiopio.
ʻO Zhilyaev ka mea kākau o nā puke he nui e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala mele. ʻAʻole hiki ke haʻi ʻole i kāna hana kaulana loa, āna i kākau ai me N.A. Metlov. E pili ana i ka "Music Reader".
I ka waena o 20s o ke kenekulia i hala, ua koho ʻia ʻo ia i kumu ma ka Conservatory Moscow. Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i ke kula hoʻonaʻauao ma mua o 10 mau makahiki. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ua aʻo ʻo Nikolai i nā haʻawina theoretical no nā haumāna haku haku. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, e aʻo wale ʻo Zhilyaev i ka haku mele manuahi.
Nikolai Zhilyaev: hopu i ka haku mele
I ka manawa i hele mai ai ka mea hoʻokani pila iā Nina Fedorovna Teplinskaya, nāna i mālama i ke kūlana o ka luna waihona puke. Ua noi ʻo ia e mālama i kekahi mau moʻolelo. I kēlā manawa, nui nā mea haku mele a me nā mea hoʻokani i makaʻu e mālama i nā palapala ma ka home i hana i kēia. Ua manaʻo ka maestro ʻo ka hale waihona puke wale nō kahi e palekana ai nā moʻolelo. Ua hoʻohiki ʻo ia iā Teplinskaya e hoʻi koke ... akā ʻo kā lākou hui hope loa ia.
I ka mahina mua o Nowemapa, ua hopu ʻia ʻo ia e ka People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs o ka Soviet Union. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo Nicholas no nā hana kūʻē kipi a me ka spionage. I kēlā manawa, ua "humuhumuʻia" ia mau hoʻopiʻi i nā kiʻi moʻomeheu he nui o ka USSR. Ua hao ka NKVD i kāna waihona a me kahi waihona puke nui - nā puke a me nā mele.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia i ka hihia "Tukhachevsky". Ua hāʻuleʻo Nikolai i loko o ke kahawai o "nā papa inoa" i komo i ka hana a ka People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs o ka USSR ma hope o Dekemaba 1, 1934 (ka pepehi kanaka o S.M. Kirov).
Nānā: "ʻO ka hihia Tukhachevsky" he hihia ma luna o kahi hui o nā alakaʻi koa Soviet kiʻekiʻe i alakaʻi ʻia e Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi kipi pūʻali koa e hopu i ka mana.
ʻO ka inoa o ka mea nāna i hōʻole i ka haku mele ʻo A.A. ʻO Kovalensky - ua ʻoki ʻia i loko o ke kūʻē ʻana o ka Luna Hoʻopiʻi Nui o ka USSR i ka hihia o Zhilyaev. I kekahi mau mahina ma hope mai, ua pana pū ʻia ka mea i hōʻino i ka mea hoʻokani pila.
Hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia ʻo ia i ka make. Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻopaʻi ma ka lā o ka hoʻopaʻi. I nā makahiki 60 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua nānā hou ʻia ka hihia. Ua make ʻo ia ma Ianuali 20, 1938. I ka hopena o ʻApelila 1961, ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ʻo Zhilyaev.
