ʻO Pyotr Tchaikovsky kahi waiwai honua maoli. ʻO ka mea haku mele Lūkini, kumu akamai, alakaʻi a me ka mea hoʻohewa mele i hāʻawi nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mele kahiko.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka'ōpiopio o Pyotr Tchaikovsky
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma ka lā 7 o Mei, 1840. Ua noho ʻo ia i kona wā kamaliʻi ma ke kauhale liʻiliʻi o Votkinsk. ʻAʻole pili ka makuakāne a me ka makuahine o Pyotr Ilyich me ka hoʻomohala. Eia kekahi laʻana, he ʻenekinia ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, a ua hānai ka makuahine i nā keiki.
Noho maikaʻi loa ka ʻohana. Ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e neʻe i nā Urals, ʻoiai ua hāʻawi ʻia kona makuakāne i ke kūlana poʻo o kahi mea kanu kila. Ma ke kauhale, ua hā'awi'ia'o Ilya Tchaikovsky i kahi waiwai me nā kauā.
Ua ulu ʻo Peter i kahi ʻohana nui. ʻAʻole wale nā keiki i noho i ka hale, akā he nui nā ʻohana o ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, ʻo Ilya Tchaikovsky. Ua aʻo ʻia nā keiki e kahi aliʻi Farani, i kāhea ʻia e ka makua kāne o Peter mai St. Petersburg. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua lilo ʻo ia i lālā piha o ka ʻohana.
Hoʻokani pinepine ʻia ke mele ma ka hale o ka haku mele Lūkini e hiki mai ana. A ʻoiai ua pili pili ʻole nā mākua me ka noʻonoʻo, ua akamai koʻu makuakāne i ka hoʻokani ʻana i ka ʻohe, a hīmeni koʻu makuahine i nā mele aloha a hoʻokani i ka piano. Ua lawe ʻo Little Petya i nā haʻawina piano mai Palchikova.
Ma waho aʻe o ka mele, ua hoihoi ʻo Peter i ka haku mele. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā mele ʻakaʻaka ma ka ʻōlelo ʻole nona. Ma hope mai, ua loaʻa i nā hana a Tchaikovsky kahi manaʻo noʻonoʻo.
I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1840 o ke kenekulia i hala, ua neʻe kahi ʻohana nui i ke kapikala o Rusia - Moscow. I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, noho ka ʻohana ma ka ʻāina o St. Petersburg. Ma ke kapikala moʻomeheu o Rusia, ua hoʻouna ʻia nā kaikunāne i ke kula hānai ʻo Schmeling.
Ma St. Petersburg, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Pyotr Tchaikovsky e aʻo i nā mele kahiko a me ka opera. I kēia manawa, ua loaʻa ʻo ia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka maʻi hoʻoili i hāʻawi i nā pilikia. Ua maʻi ʻo Petero.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hoʻi hou ka ʻohana i nā Urals. I kēia manawa ua hoʻonoho ʻia ʻo ia i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Alapaevsk. I kēia manawa, ua komo ʻo Anastasia Petrova i ka hoʻonaʻauao o Peter.
Hoʻonaʻauao o Pyotr Tchaikovsky
ʻOiai ʻo Pyotr Ilyich makemake nui i ka mele mai ka wā kamaliʻi, hele ʻo ia i ka opera a me ka ballet, ʻaʻole i noʻonoʻo kona mau mākua i ke koho e komo kāna keiki i ka hana. ʻO ka ʻike e hoʻouna ʻia ke keiki i ke kula mele ma hope loa. Ua hoʻouna kona mau mākua iā ia i ke kula o ke kānāwai, aia ma St. Petersburg. No laila, i ka makahiki 1850, neʻe ʻo Peter i ke kapikala moʻomeheu o Rusia.
Ua hele ʻo Peter i ke kula a hiki i ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 1850. No nā makahiki mua, ʻaʻole hiki iā Tchaikovsky ke hoʻolohe i ke ʻano kūpono. Ua minamina nui ʻo ia i kona home.
I nā makahiki 1850, ua haʻalele ʻo Pyotr Ilyich i kāna mau haʻawina. A laila ua neʻe hou kekahi ʻohana nui e noho ma St. Petersburg. A laila ua kamaʻāina ʻo ia me ka opera Lūkini a me ka ballet.
He makahiki paʻakikī ʻo 1854 no ka ʻohana Tchaikovsky. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua make koke ka makuahine i ke kolera. ʻAʻohe koho o ke poʻo o ka ʻohana akā ʻo ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā keiki hiapo i nā hale hoʻonaʻauao pani. Me nā māhoe, heleʻo Ilya Tchaikovsky e noho me kona kaikunāne.
Ua hoʻomau ʻo Peter i ke komo ʻana i ka mele. Ua lawe ʻo ia i nā haʻawina piano mai Rudolf Kündinger. Ua mālama ʻo Pāpā iā Peter a ua hoʻoholo e hoʻolimalima iā ia i kumu haole. Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ke kālā o ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, ʻaʻole hiki iā Peter ke uku no nā papa.
Ma hope koke ua hā'awi'ia'o Ilya Tchaikovsky e lilo i po'o o ka Institute of Technology. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻohiki maikaʻi ʻia ka makuakāne o Peter, ua hoʻolako ʻia ka ʻohana me nā hale ākea.
A laila loaʻa iā Pyotr Ilyich kahi hana ma ka ʻoihana. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i kona manawa kūʻokoʻa i ke mele. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1860, akahi nō ʻo ia i huakaʻi i nā ʻāina ʻē. Ma laila ʻo ia ma ka ʻoihana, akā ʻaʻole ia i pale iā ia mai ka ʻike ʻana i ka moʻomeheu kūloko a me ke kala. ʻO ka mea mahalo, ua mākaukau ʻo Peter i ka ʻōlelo Italia a me ka ʻōlelo Palani.
ʻO ke ala hana o ka haku mele ʻo Pyotr Tchaikovsky
I kona wā'ōpiopio,'a'ole i no'ono'o'o Pyotr Ilyich i kahi'oihana mele. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua ʻike ʻo ia i ke mele he mea leʻaleʻa no ka ʻuhane. ʻO ke poʻo o ka ʻohana, e nānā pono ana i kāna keiki, ua ʻike ʻo ia he makemake ko Peter i ke mele. A ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia iā ia e lawe i ka "hobby wale" ma kahi pae ʻoihana.
I ka wā i ʻike ai ʻo Peter e wehe ana kahi conservatory ma St. Petersburg, e hoʻokele ʻia e Anton Rubinstein, ua loli ke kūlana. Ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e makemake e loaʻa kahi hoʻonaʻauao mele. Ua haʻalele koke ʻo ia i ke kānāwai a ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hāʻawi iā ia iho i ke mele no ke koena o kona ola. A laila ʻaʻohe kālā ʻo Pyotr Ilyich, akā ʻaʻole naʻe kēia i hoʻōki iā ia ma ke ala i kāna moeʻuhane.
ʻOiai ʻo ia e aʻo ana i ka conservatory, kākau ʻo Pyotr Ilyich i ka cantata "To Joy", i lilo i kāna hana puka. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā hana a Tchaikovsky ma mua o ka manaʻo maikaʻi i nā mea hoʻokani pila o St. No ka laʻana, ua kākau ʻo Caesar Cui:
"Ma ke ʻano he haku mele, nāwaliwali loa ʻo Pyotr Ilyich. He mea maʻalahi a conservative ... ".
ʻAʻole hilahila ʻo Pyotr Ilyich i ka hoʻohewa ʻana. Ua ho'okō 'o ia i ke kula puka 'o St. Petersburg Conservatory me ka mekala kala. No ia, ʻo ia ka hanohano kiʻekiʻe loa. I ka waena o 1860s, ua neʻe ka haku mele i Moscow (ma ke koi a kona kaikunāne). ʻAʻole i liuliu, ʻakaʻaka ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi iā ia. Ua lawe ʻo ia i ke kaukaʻi ma ka conservatory.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi ʻoihana hana
Ua aʻo ʻo Pyotr Ilyich no ka manawa lōʻihi ma ka Conservatory o Moscow. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia iā ia iho he kumu aʻoaʻo maikaʻi loa. Hoʻoikaika nui ʻo Tchaikovsky a hāʻawi i ka manawa nui i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi kaʻina hoʻonaʻauao kūpono. I kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole maʻalahi no nā haumāna. ʻO kahi liʻiliʻi o nā palapala ʻepekema i manaʻo ʻia. Ua lawe ʻo Pyotr Ilyich i ka unuhi ʻana i nā puke haʻawina haole. Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻo ia i kekahi mau mea aʻo.
I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1870, ua hoʻoholo ʻo Tchaikovsky e haʻalele i kona kūlana ma ke ʻano he polopeka ma ka conservatory. Ua makemake ʻo ia e hāʻawi manawa hou i ka haku mele. Ua laweʻia kahi o Pyotr Ilyich e kāna haumāna punahele a me ka "lima'ākau" Sergei Taneyev. Ua lilo ʻo ia i haumāna i aloha nui ʻia e Tchaikovsky.
Ua hoʻolako ʻia ke ola o Tchaikovsky e kona kahu ʻo Nadezhda von Meck. He wahine kāne make waiwai loa ʻo ia a uku ʻo ia i ka mea hoʻokani pila i ke kālā he 6 rubles.
ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o Tchaikovsky i ke kapikala ua pōmaikaʻi ka haku mele. I loko o ia manawa i ulu ai kāna ʻoihana hana. A laila hui ʻo ia me nā lālā o ka hui o nā haku mele "Mighty Handful", kahi i hoʻololi ai nā poʻe akamai i kā lākou ʻike. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1860, ua kākau ʻo ia i kahi manaʻo noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka hana a Shakespeare.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā makahiki 1870, ua puka mai kekahi o nā mele kaulana loa mai ka peni a Pyotr Ilyich. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o "The Storm". I loko o kēia manawa ua lōʻihi ʻo ia i waho. Ma waho, ua loaʻa iā ia ka ʻike. ʻO kēlā mau manaʻo i loaʻa iā ia ma waho o ke kumu o nā haku mele ma hope.
I nā makahiki 1870, ua puka mai nā mele poina ʻole o ka maestro kaulana, no ka laʻana, "Swan Lake". Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomaka ʻo Tchaikovsky e huakaʻi i ka honua. Eia kekahi, ua hauʻoli ʻo ia i nā mea pā o nā mele kahiko me nā haku mele kahiko a lōʻihi.
Ua hoʻohana ʻo Pyotr Ilyich i nā makahiki hope o kona ola ʻana ma ke kūlanakauhale panalāʻau liʻiliʻi o Klin. I loko o kēia manawa, ua ʻae ʻo ia e wehe i kahi kula holoʻokoʻa ma ia wahi.
Ua make ka haku mele kaulana i ka lā 6 o Nowemapa, 1893. Ua make ʻo Pyotr Ilyich i ke kolera.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka haku mele ʻo Pyotr Tchaikovsky
- Ua hoʻolālā ʻo ia i kahi opera me Anton Chekhov.
- I kona manawa kūʻokoʻa, ua hana ʻo Peter ma ke ʻano he mea kākau moʻolelo.
- I kekahi manawa ua komo ʻo ia i ke kinai ʻana i ke ahi.
- Ma kekahi o nā hale ʻaina, ua kauoha ka mea haku mele i ke aniani wai. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole ia i paila ʻia. Ma hope mai ua ʻike ʻia ua loaʻa ʻo ia i ka maʻi kolera.
- ʻAʻole ʻo ia i aloha i ka poʻe aloha ʻole i kona ʻāina hānau.
Nā kikoʻī o ke ola pilikino o Pyotr Tchaikovsky
I ka hapa nui o nā kiʻi i mālama ʻia, ua hopu ʻia ʻo Pyotr Tchaikovsky i ka hui o nā kāne. Ke kuhi nei ka poʻe akamai i ke ʻano o ka haku mele kaulana. Manaʻo ka poʻe biographers hiki i ka mea haku mele ke manaʻo no Joseph Kotek lāua ʻo Vladimir Davydov.
ʻAʻole ʻike maopopo ʻia inā he kāne kāne ʻo Pyotr Ilyich. He mau kiʻi ko ka haku mele me ka wahine maikaʻi. Manaʻo ka poʻe biographers he mea hoʻonanea wale nō kēia a ka haku mele e hoʻohuli i ka manaʻo mai kona ʻano maoli.
Ua makemake ʻo ia e mare iā Artaud Desiree. Ua hōʻole ka wahine i ka haku mele, makemake ʻo Marian Padilla y Ramos. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1880, ua lilo ʻo Antonina Milyukova i wahine mana a Peter. ʻOi aku ka ʻōpio o ka wahine ma mua o ke kāne. He mau pule wale no keia male ana. ʻAʻole i noho pū ʻo Antonina lāua ʻo Peter, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lāua i hoʻopiʻi kūhelu no ka hemo.
