He kiʻi hoʻomana ʻo Sam Cooke. Ua kū ka mea leo i ke kumu o ke mele ʻuhane. Hiki ke kapa ʻia ka mea mele kekahi o nā mea hana nui o ka ʻuhane. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kāna ʻoihana hana me nā kikokikona o ke ʻano hoʻomana.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 40 mau makahiki ma hope o ka make ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani leo. ʻOiai naʻe, ʻo ia nō kekahi o nā mea hoʻokani pila o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio o Samuel Cook
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Samuel Cook ma Ianuali 22, 1931 ma Clarksdale. Ua ulu ke keikikāne ma kahi ʻohana nui. Ma waho aʻe o ia, ua hānai kona mau mākua i ʻewalu mau keiki. He haipule loa ke poo o ka ohana. Ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he kahuna pule.
E like me ka hapa nui o nā keiki ma kāna pōʻai, hīmeni ʻo Sam i ka papa hīmeni o ka hale pule. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻohui i kona ola e hiki mai ana me ke kahua. Ma hope o ka hīmeni ʻana i loko o ka luakini, hele ʻo Sam Cook i ke kaona. Ma laila, me The Singing Children, hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā ʻaha mele impromptu.
ʻO ke ala hana o Sam Cooke
I nā makahiki mua o 1950, ua lilo ʻo Sam Cook i ʻāpana o ka hui euanelio paionia The Soul Stirrers. I loko o nā pōʻai o ka poʻe euanelio, ua kaulana loa ka hui.
A ʻoiai e hana maikaʻi ana ʻo Sam, ua moeʻuhane ʻo ia i kekahi mea hou aʻe. Ua makemake ke kanaka ʻōpio i ka ʻike ʻia ma waena o nā "keʻokeʻo" a me nā "ʻeleʻele". ʻO ka ʻanuʻu mua i wehe i ka lehulehu i kahi mea pena pop hou ma ke kino o Sam Cooke, ʻo ia ka hōʻike ʻana i ka haku mele Loveable.
I mea e hoʻoweliweli ʻole ai i nā "fans" kūpaʻa o The Soul Stirrers, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka disc ma lalo o ka pseudonym hana "Dale Cook". Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia ka inoa ʻole o ka mea pena, a pono e hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻaelike me ka lepili euanelio.
ʻAʻole i kau ʻo Sam Cooke i kona ihu. Ua lawe wale ʻo ia i ka pōʻino mua. Hele ka mea hoʻokani ʻōpio i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻauʻau" kūʻokoʻa. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo ia me ke kani o nā mele, e hōʻike ana i nā mele i hui pū ʻia i nā mele pop, euanelio a me nā mele a me nā blues.
Ua hauʻoli loa ka poʻe hoʻokae mele i nā hua hou o nā laina poʻo inoa me nā nuances melodic intonation.
ʻO ka ʻike maoli ʻana o ke kālena a Sam Cook e pili ana i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka haku mele You Send Me. Hāʻawi ka mea pena i ke mele i ka makahiki 1957.
Ua piʻi i ka helu ʻekahi ma ka Billboard Hot 1, kūʻai aku ma luna o 100 miliona mau kope ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
Ka Puʻe o ke Kaulana ʻo Sam Cooke
ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻo Sam Cook e hana hou i ka kūleʻa o ke mele You Send Me. Ua lilo ka moʻolelo i mea paʻi o ka ʻumi makahiki. Akā naʻe, ua hoʻokumu ka mea mele, ke mele ma ke ala, i kāna ʻano ponoʻī o ka hoʻokani mele.
Aneane i kēlā me kēia mahina, hoʻopiha ʻo Sam Cooke i kāna pēke puaʻa mele me nā puʻupuʻu aloha aloha. I kēlā manawa, makemake nui nā ʻōpio i ka hana a ka mea hoʻokani. ʻO nā mele māmā loa o ka mea pena:
- No nā kumu manaʻo;
- Aloha nā kānaka a pau iā Cha Cha Cha;
- He ʻumikumamāono wale nō;
- (Ka Huila Wai.
Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kahi album compilation me Billie Holiday, ua neʻe ʻo Tribute to the Lady Sam Cooke i RCA Records. Mai ia manawa, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokuʻu i nā hōʻiliʻili i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻano like ʻole.
Ma ke ʻano māmā a hohonu hoʻi, ua lilo nā haku mele i mea hōʻailona o Sam Cooke a me nā mele ʻuhane e puka mai nei. He aha nā mele Bring It on Home to Me and Cupid worth. Ma ke ala, ua unuhi ʻia kēia mau mele e Tina Turner, Amy Winehouse a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe he nui.
I ka makahiki 1960, aia kahi "hoʻomaha palaualelo". Ua koho ka mea hoʻokani e hāʻawi i ka huila i kāna mea hana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ona manaʻo i ka mea e hīmeni ai, ma hea a pehea e hana ai. ʻO kēlā pessimism "uhi" iā Sam Cooke. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua loaʻa iā ia kahi pōʻino pilikino.
Ua nalowale kekahi keiki liʻiliʻi ʻo Sam Cooke. Ua kākoʻo naʻe ʻo Cook i ka neʻe ʻeleʻele no ke kaulike, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka Bob Dylan track Blowin' in the Wind, he ʻano mele no kēia hui - ka ballad A Change Is Gonna Come.
I ka makahiki 1963, ua ho'opiha 'ia ka discography a ka mea mele me kahi album "juicy". Ua kapa ʻia ka moʻolelo ʻo Night Beat. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi o nā hōʻiliʻili kaulana loa, ʻo Is Not That Good News.
ʻO nā ʻike hoihoi e pili ana iā Sam Cooke
- Ua kapa ʻia ka magazine Rolling Stones i ka mea pena kekahi o nā mea hoʻokani pila o ke kenekulia i hala. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka 100 poʻokela leo leo maikaʻi loa. Ua hoʻokomo ka magazine iā ia i kahi kūlana 4 hanohano.
- I ka makahiki 2008, ua haʻi ka Pelekikena mua ʻo ʻAmelika ʻo Barack Obama, i kona ʻike ʻana i kāna lanakila koho balota, ua kamaʻilio ʻo ia i nā kamaʻāina o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa me kahi haʻiʻōlelo, ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia mai ke mele A Change Is Gonna Come.
- Ma hope o ka make ʻana o Sam Cooke, ua male kāna mea mālama ʻo Bobby Womack i ka wahine kāne make a ka mea mele ʻo Barbara. Ua male ke kaikamahine a Cook i ke kaikunane o Womack. Noho ʻo ia ma ʻApelika me ʻewalu mau keiki.
Make o Sam Cooke
Ua hala ʻo King of Soul i ka lā 11 o Dekemaba, 1964. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i haʻalele i kēia ola ma kona makemake iho. Ua ʻoki pōkole ʻia ke ola o ka mea hīmeni e ka pana pū. ʻO ka make ʻana o ka mea hoʻokani 33 makahiki ma lalo o nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, a hiki i kēia lā ke kumu o ka "'ōhumu".
Ua loaʻa ke kino o Sam Cooke ma kahi motel haʻahaʻa ma Los Angeles. Ua ʻaʻahu ʻo ia i ka ʻahuʻula ma luna o kona kino ʻōlohelohe a me nā kāmaʻa. Ua ʻike koke ʻia ka inoa o ka mea pepehi kanaka. Ua pana ʻia ka mea mele e ka mea nona ka hōkele ʻo Bertha Franklin, nāna i ʻōlelo ua haki ka mea hīmeni i loko o kona lumi i ka wā ʻona a hoʻāʻo e hoʻokamakama iā ia.
ʻO ka mana kūhelu o ka make ʻana o kahi mea kaulana he pepehi kanaka i loko o nā palena o ka pale pono. Akā naʻe, hōʻole nā ʻohana e ʻae i kēia "ʻoiaʻiʻo". Ua lohe ʻia ma ka nūpepa ua pepehi ʻia ʻo Sam ma muli o nā manaʻo hoʻokalakupua. No laila, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kuke kamaʻāina, a me kekahi hoa hana manawa ma ke kahua, ʻo Etta James, ka mea i ʻike i ke kino kupapaʻu o Sam, ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka nui o nā ʻeha a me nā ʻeha ma kona kino, ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka "wale" pana.
Hoʻomanaʻo iā Sam Cooke
Ma hope o ka make ʻana o ke kiʻi o nā miliona, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Otis Redding e uhi i nā mele mele o kāna repertoire. Ua ʻike ka poʻe aloha mele i loko o ka mea hīmeni ʻōpio i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o Sam Cooke.
Ua hoʻokani ʻia kekahi o nā mele a Sam e Aretha Franklin, The Supremes, The Animals and The Rolling Stones, kāna mea mālama iā Bobby Womack.
I ka wā i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka Rock and Roll Hall of Fame i ka waena o 1980s, ua hoʻolaha ʻia he ʻekolu mau mea kaulana i ka mua ma ka papa inoa hanohano, ʻo ia ʻo Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly a me Sam Cooke. I ka hopena o nā makahiki 1990, ua loaʻa ka mea mele i ka makana Grammy hanohano no ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻuhane.
Hoʻokani pinepine ʻia nā mele mele a ka mea hoʻokani i nā hanana koʻikoʻi no ke kaiāulu ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Ma ka mōʻaukala, ʻo Sam Cooke kekahi o nā mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ke ʻano ʻuhane. ʻO ka palena o kona inoa e like me Ray Charles a me James Brown. ʻO nā hōkū pōhaku e like me Michael Jackson, Rod Stewart, Otis Redding, Al Green e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka mana o ka mea hoʻokani i kā lākou hana.
