ʻO Georges Bizet he haku mele Farani hanohano. Ua hana ʻo ia i ke au o ka romanticism. I kona wā e ola ana, ua hōʻole ʻia kekahi o nā hana a ka maestro e nā mea hoʻokani mele a me nā mea mahalo i nā mele kahiko. ʻOi aku ma mua o 100 mau makahiki e hala, a e lilo kāna mau mea hana i mea hana maoli. I kēia lā, lohe ʻia nā haku mele make ʻole a Bizet ma nā hale keaka hanohano loa o ka honua.
ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio ʻo Georges Bizet
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma Paris ma ʻOkakopa 25, 1838. Loaʻa iā ia nā manawa āpau e kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke mele. Ua hānai ʻia ke keikikāne i loko o kahi ʻohana naʻauao mua. Hoʻokani pinepine ʻia ke mele ma ka hale o Bizet.
He mea hoʻokani piano hanohano ka makuahine o Georges, a ua helu ʻia kona kaikunāne ʻo ia kekahi o nā kumu leo maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka manawa mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o kāna keiki, ua hoʻonohonoho ke poʻo o ka ʻohana i kahi ʻoihana liʻiliʻi e kūʻai aku i nā wigs. A laila, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e aʻo i nā leo, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā ma hope ona.
Ua makemake ʻo Bizet i ke mele. ʻAʻole like me nā hoa, makemake ke keiki e aʻo. I loko o kahi manawa pōkole, ua akamai ʻo ia i ka notation mele, a ma hope iho ua hoʻoholo kona makuahine e aʻo i kāna keiki e hoʻokani piano.
I ka makahiki ʻeono ua hele ʻo ia i ke kula. Hāʻawi maʻalahi nā papa i ke keikikāne. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka hoihoi maoli i ka heluhelu a me nā palapala kahiko.
I ka ʻike ʻana o ka makuahine i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka heluhelu ʻana i nā mele, ua hoʻomalu ʻo ia iā Bizet e hoʻohana ma kahi o 5 mau hola i ka lā ma ka piano. I ka ʻumi o kona mau makahiki, ua komo ʻo ia i ka Paris Conservatory of Music. ʻAʻole hōʻeha ʻo Georges i kona makuahine.
He hoʻomanaʻo kupanaha kona a me ka lohe. Mahalo i kāna mau talena, ua paʻa ke keiki i kāna makana mua ma kona mau lima, a hiki iā ia ke lawe i nā haʻawina manuahi mai Pierre Zimmermann. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā papa mua ua makemake ʻo Bizet i ka haku mele.
ʻO ka haku ʻana i nā haku mele i hoʻopaʻa loa iā ia. I loko o kēia manawa, kākau ʻo ia e pili ana i ʻumi mau hana. Auwe, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he akamai, akā na lākou i hōʻike i ka haku mele ʻōpio i nā hewa āna e hana ai.
I ka like me kāna mau hana haku mele, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hoʻokani i kahi mea kani ma ka papa o Professor Francois Benois. I loko o kēia manawa, ua lanakila ʻo ia i kekahi mau makana hanohano.
ʻO ke ala noʻonoʻo a me ke mele o ka mea haku mele ʻo Georges Bizet
I ka wā o kāna aʻo ʻana, ua hana ka maestro i kāna hana mua. ʻO kēia ka Symphony ma C major. He mea ʻike ʻia ua hiki i ke kaiāulu hou ke hauʻoli i ke kani o ka haku mele wale nō i nā makahiki 30 o ke kenekulia i hala. ʻO ia ka manawa i lawe ʻia ai ka hana mai ka waihona o ka Conservatory Paris.
Ua kamaʻāina ka poʻe o kēia wā i ka hana a ka mea haku mele i ka wā o ka hoʻokūkū i kapa ʻia, i hoʻonohonoho maikaʻi ʻia e Jacques Offenbach. ʻO ka poʻe i komo i ka hoʻokūkū ua kū i kahi hana paʻakikī - e kākau i kahi mele mele kahi e komo ai kekahi mau mea i ka manawa hoʻokahi. ʻOiai nā pilikia, loaʻa iā Bizet kahi mea e hakakā ai. Ua hoʻohiki ʻo Jacques i ka mea lanakila i mekala gula, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 1000 francs. Ma ke kahua, ua hōʻike ka maestro i ka operetta comical "Doctor Miracle". Ua lilo ʻo ia i mea lanakila o ka hoʻokūkū.
E hala ana ka manawa hou, a e komo ʻo ia i ka hoʻokūkū mele e hiki mai ana. I kēia manawa, hōʻike ʻo ia i ka lehulehu i ka cantata maikaʻi ʻo Clovis a me Clotilde. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi haʻawina a ua hele ʻo ia i kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa makahiki ma Roma.
Pīhoihoi ʻo Georges ʻōpio i ka nani o Italia. ʻO ke ʻano kūloko, nā ʻāina nani a me ka maluhia i lanakila ma ke kūlanakauhale ua hoʻoikaika iā ia e hana i kekahi mau hana. I loko o kēia manawa, ua paʻi ʻo ia i ka opera Don Procopio, a me ka ode-symphony maikaʻi ʻo Vasco da Gamma.
Hoʻi ʻana mai
I ka makahiki 60, ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e hoʻi i ka ʻāina ʻo Paris. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka lono mai kona ʻāina makuahine mai ua maʻi kona makuahine. No nā makahiki e hiki mai ana, aia ʻo ia ma ka ʻaoʻao. Ua paʻa ke kaumaha iā ia. I loko o kēia manawa, ua kākau ʻo ia i nā hana leʻaleʻa. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ʻo ia i nā haʻawina mele pilikino. ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻo Bizet e kākau i nā hana koʻikoʻi, kahi i pau ai kona manaʻoʻiʻo iā ia iho.
Ma muli o ke ʻano he laureate ʻo ia no Roma, ua hāʻule ke kuleana no ke kākau ʻana i ka hana hoʻomākeʻaka "Opera-Comic" ma luna o nā poʻohiwi o ka maestro. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke lawe i ka haku o ka hana. I ka makahiki 61, ua make kona makuahine, a hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ʻo kāna kumu a me kāna kumu. ʻO nā hanana pōʻino i lawe i ka ikaika hope mai ka maestro.
Ua hoʻi ʻo ia iā ia iho i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope. I loko o kēia manawa, hana ʻo ia i ka opera The Pearl Seekers a me The Beauty of Perth. ʻAʻole i hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia nā hana e ka poʻe mahalo maʻamau o ka classicism, akā e nā mea hoʻokani mele pū kekahi.
ʻO ka lā kiʻekiʻe o ka noʻonoʻo
Ua wehe ʻo Bizet ma ke ʻano he haku mele i nā makahiki 70. I loko o kēia manawa, ua mālama ʻia ka mua o Jamila ma ke kahua o ka Opera Comic Theatre hanohano. Ua mahalo nā mea hoʻokani mele i nā kumu Arabic a me ka māmā holoʻokoʻa o ka ʻāpana. ʻElua mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua haku ʻo ia i ka hoʻokani pila i ka pāʻani ʻo Alphonse Daudet ʻo The Arlesian. Auwe, hāʻule ka hōʻike.
Ua lilo ka opera "Carmen" i ka piko o ka hana a ka maestro. ʻO ka mea mahalo, i kona wā e ola ana, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ka hana. Ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ʻo ia e nā hoa o Bizet. Ua hoʻohewaʻia ka hanaʻana, me ka kapaʻana i ka moekolohe a me ka ponoʻole. Akā, i kekahi ala a i ʻole, ua hoʻokani ʻia ka opera ma mua o 40 mau manawa. Ua nānā ka poʻe kiʻi kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka hana no ka ʻike, ʻoiai ua make ka maestro i kēia manawa.
ʻAʻole i ʻae ka lehulehu bourgeois i ka hana, me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana i ka maestro o ka moekolohe, a hoʻohenehene ʻia nā mea hoʻokani mele o ke kapikala Farani. “He aha ka ʻoiaʻiʻo! Akā, he aha ka hōʻino!
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i ola lōʻihi ka mea haku mele a me ka mea hoʻokani pila ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o kāna hana nani. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka poʻe haku mele kaulana i ka hana, akā ʻaʻole i laki ʻo Bizet i ka lohe ʻana i kā lākou ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ka opera āna i hana ai.
Nā kikoʻī o ke ola pilikino o Georges Bizet
Ua lanakila ʻo Bizet me ka wahine maikaʻi. ʻO ke aloha mua o ka mea haku mele he ʻItalia maikaʻi ʻo Giuseppa. ʻAʻole i ulu ka pilina no ke kumu i haʻalele ai ka maestro iā Italia, a ʻaʻole makemake ke kaikamahine e haʻalele me kāna mea aloha.
I kekahi manawa, ua hoihoi ʻo ia i kahi wahine i ʻike ʻia e ka hui ʻo Madame Mogador. ʻAʻole makaʻu ʻo Bizet i ka ʻoi aku o ka ʻelemakule o ka lede ma mua o ka mea haku mele. Eia kekahi, he kaulana maikaʻi loa ʻo Madame Mogador i ka hui. ʻAʻole hauʻoli ʻo Bizet i ka wahine, akā no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hoʻoholo e haʻalele iā ia. Me ia, ua pilikia ʻo ia i ka loli o ke ʻano. I ka pau ʻana o kēia pilina, kau maila ka nalu o ke kaumaha ma luna ona.
Ua loaʻa iā ia ka hauʻoli kāne maoli me ke kaikamahine a kāna kumu ʻo Fromental Halévy, ʻo Genevieve. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ua kūʻē nā mākua o ke kaikamahine i kēia male ʻana. Ua hana lākou i ka mea maikaʻi loa e pale aku i kā lāua kaikamahine mai ka male ʻana me Georges ʻilihune. Ua ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke aloha, a ua male lāua.
I ka wā o ke kaua ʻo Franco-Prussian, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo ia i ke kiaʻi, akā ua hoʻokuʻu koke ʻia ʻo ia no ka mea he Scholar Roma. Ma hope o kēlā, lawe ʻo ia i kāna wahine a neʻe aku i ka ʻāina ʻo Paris.
I loko o kēia male ʻana, ua hānau lāua he keikikāne. Ua lohe ʻia he hoʻoilina hoʻi ko Bizet mai kahi kaikamahine. Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā lono e pili ana i ke keiki makua ʻole, ua huhū ka wahine i kāna kāne, a hoʻomaka i kahi pilina me kahi mea kākau kūloko. Ua ʻike ʻo Georges i kēia, a ua hopohopo nui ʻo ia ʻaʻole e haʻalele kāna wahine iā ia.
Nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka haku mele
- ʻO Alexandre Cesar Leopold Bizet ka inoa maoli o ka haku mele nui.
- Ua hana ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohewa. I kekahi manawa ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i kahi kūlana hanohano ma kekahi o nā puke kaulana Farani.
- He mea hoʻokani piano maikaʻi ʻo Georges. ʻAʻole hauʻoli kona mau akamai i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi maʻamau, akā ʻo nā kumu mele ʻike pū kekahi. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Bizet he virtuoso mai ke Akua mai.
- Ua poina ka inoa o ka maestro no nā makahiki he nui. Ua ulu mai ka hoihoi i ka hana a ka haku mele ma ke kenekulia 20 wale nō, ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia.
- ʻAʻole i loaʻa iā ia nā haumāna a ʻaʻole i lilo i mea hoʻokumu i kahi kuhikuhi mele hou.
ʻO nā makahiki hope o Georges Bizet
Ua uhi ʻia ka make ʻana o ka maestro nui i nā mea huna a me nā mea pohihihi. Ua hala aku ʻo ia mai ka ʻāina ʻo Bougival. Ua hele ʻo ia me kona ʻohana i laila no nā lā hoʻomaha kauwela. Noho ka ʻohana me ke kaikamahine i loko o kahi hale nani ʻelua papa.
I Mei, ua maʻi ʻo ia, akā ʻaʻole kēia i pale i ke kanaka e hele wāwae i kekahi o nā muliwai i ka hopena o ka puna o 75. Makemake ʻo ia i ka ʻauʻau. ʻOiai ua koi ka wahine i kāna kāne ʻaʻole e ʻauʻau, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻolohe iā ia.
I kekahi lā aʻe, ua ʻoi aʻe kona maʻi rumatika a me ke kuni. I kekahi lā ma hope mai, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i ʻike hou i kona mau lālā. I kekahi lā ma hope mai, ua loaʻa ʻo Bizet i ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. ʻO ke kauka i hōʻea i ka hale o ka haku mele i hana i nā mea a pau e hoʻopakele ai i kona ola, ʻaʻole naʻe i hōʻoluʻolu iā ia. Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka lā aʻe me ka ʻike ʻole. Ua make ʻo ia ma Iune 3, 1875. ʻO ke kumu o ka make ʻana o ka maestro he pilikia puʻuwai.
I ka ʻike ʻana o kahi hoaaloha pili i ka pōʻino, hele koke ʻo ia i ka ʻohana. Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻeha ʻoki ma ka ʻāʻī o ka haku mele. Ua manaʻo ʻo ia he pepehi kanaka ke kumu o ka make. Eia kekahi, ma hope ona ka mea i makemake iā ia e make, ʻo ia ka mea aloha a kāna wahine - ʻo Delaborde. Ma ke ala, ma hope o ka hoʻolewa, ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Delaborde e mare i ka wahine kāne make a ka maestro, akā ua hōʻole ʻo ia iā ia.
Wahi a ka poʻe biographers, ʻo ke kumu ʻē aʻe o ka make ʻana o ka maestro ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo pepehi kanaka ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka opera lanakila ʻole ʻo Carmen. Wahi a lākou, ua hoʻāʻo ka haku mele e make iā ia iho. Hōʻike kēia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻailona incised ma ka ʻāʻī.
