ʻO Mikhail Verbitsky kahi waiwai maoli o Ukraine. Ka mea haku mele, ka mea hoʻokani pila, ka mea hoʻokani pila, ke kahuna, a me ka mea kākau o ka mele no ke mele aupuni o Ukraine - i hāʻawi ʻole ʻia i ka hoʻomohala moʻomeheu o kona ʻāina.
“ʻO Mikhail Verbitsky ka haku mele kaulana loa ma Ukraine. ʻO nā hana mele a ka maestro "Izhe cherubim", "Our Father", nā mele honua "Give, girl", "Poklin", "De Dnipro is ours", "Zapovit" nā momi o kā mākou mele mele. ʻO nā hana a ka mea haku mele, kahi āna i hoʻohui pono ai i nā kiʻi kanaka me nā manaʻo o kēia wā, ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo maikaʻi mua loa i nā mele symphonic Ukrainian ma Ukraine…” kākau ʻo Stanislav Lyudkevich.
Ka hoʻoilina noʻeau o ka haku mele
ʻO kekahi o ka hoʻoilina waiwai nui o ka moʻomeheu Ukrainian. 'O Mikhail kekahi o nā 'elele o ke kula haku mele aupuni. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā hana mele a Verbitsky, ʻo ka mākaukau o ka haku mele ʻana e hāʻawi iā ia i ke kuleana e kapa iā ia ʻo ka haku mele ʻoihana mua o Western Ukrainian. Ua kākau ʻo ia me ke koko o kona puʻuwai. He hōʻailona ʻo Mikaʻela o ke ola hou ʻana o ka lāhui Ukrainian ma Galicia.
Mikhail Verbitsky: ʻO ke kamaliʻi a me ka'ōpiopio
ʻO Malaki 4, 1815 ka lā hānau o Maestro. Ua lilo kona mau makahiki kamaliʻi ma ke kauhale liʻiliʻi o Javornik-Ruski kokoke i Przemysl (Poland). Ua hānai ʻia ʻo ia ma ka ʻohana kahuna. Ua make ke po'o o ka 'ohana i ka manawa he 10 makahiki o Mikhail. Mai ia manawa mai, ua hānai ʻo ia i kahi ʻohana mamao, ʻo Vladyka John o Przemysl.
Ua aʻo ʻo Mikhail Verbitsky i ka lyceum, a laila ma ka hale haʻuki. Maikaʻi ʻo ia i ke aʻo ʻana i nā ʻepekema like ʻole. Ua hopu ʻo ia i nā mea a pau ma ka lele. I ka wā i hoʻokumu ai ʻo Bishop John i kahi papa mele ma ka Przemysl cathedra, a ma hope he kula mele, ua kamaʻāina ʻo Michael i nā mele.
I ka makahiki 1829, ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hana mua o ka papa mele, me ke komo ʻana o Verbitsky. Ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ʻia ka hana a ka poʻe hīmeni e nā anaina a me nā mea hanohano. Ma hope o kēlā ʻano hoʻokipa maikaʻi, kono ʻo John i ka mea haku mele kaulana ʻo Alois Nanke i ke kula hoʻonaʻauao.
Ma hope o ka noho ʻana o Mikhail ma lalo o ka mālama ʻana a Nanke, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kāna mau mana mele. Ua ʻike koke ʻo Verbitsky ua hoihoi ʻo ia i ka improvisation a me ka haku mele.
He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka papa himeni i ka hana ʻana i nā mākau haku mele o Verbitsky. ʻO ka papa mele o ka papa mele he mau hana make ʻole a J. Haydn, Mozart, a me Ukrainian maestro Berezovsky lāua ʻo Bortnyansky.
ʻO nā hana uhane o Bortnyansky he mana nui i ka mele o Western Ukraine.
Ua mahalo pū ʻia nā hana a ka maestro e Mikhail, nāna i makemake i ka improvisation. I loko o kēia manawa, ua lanakila ka monophony i nā mele halepule Ukrainian. Ua hoʻokomo ʻo Bortnyansky i ka polyphony ʻoihana i kāna mau hana.
Hoʻonaʻauao ma ka seminare
Ma hope o kekahi manawa, komo ʻo Mikhail Verbitsky i ka Lviv Theological Seminary. Me ka hooikaika nui ole, ua akamai oia i ka guitar. E hele pū ana kēia mea kani me Verbitsky i nā manawa pōuliuli o kona ola. Eia hou, ua lawe ʻo ia i ke kūlana alakaʻi o ka papa himeni.
I loko o ia manawa, ua haku ʻo ia i kekahi mau mele maikaʻi loa no ke kīkā. No ko mākou manawa, ua mālama ʻia ka "Aʻo a Khitara". ʻO Verbitsky ka ʻuhane o ka hui. Ua kipaku ʻia ʻo ia i nā manawa he nui mai ka Lviv Conservatory no nā mele hihiu. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i makaʻu e hōʻike i kona manaʻo ponoʻī, a ua hoʻopaʻi pinepine ʻia ʻo ia.
I kona kipaku ʻia ʻana mai ke kula hoʻonaʻauao no ke kolu o ka manawa, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomaka hou. I kēlā manawa, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻohana a pono e hoʻolako i kona ʻohana.
Huli ʻo ia i nā mele hoʻomana. I loko o kēia manawa, ua haku ʻo ia i kahi Liturgy piha no ka hui himeni hui ʻia, i lohe ʻia i kēia mau lā i nā hale pule he nui o kona ʻāina hānau. I ka manawa like, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i kekahi o nā mele i ʻike ʻia - "Angel Vopiyashe", a me kekahi mau mele ʻē aʻe.
Mikhail Verbitsky: Ke ola keaka
I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 40, ua hoʻomaikaʻi mālie ke ola keaka. No Verbitsky, hoʻokahi mea kēia - hoʻomaka ʻo ia e kākau i nā mele mele no kekahi mau hana. ʻO nā helu i hoʻokani ʻia ma ke kahua o nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa ma Lviv a me Galicia, no ka hapa nui, ua unuhi ʻia mai ka pāʻani a me nā palapala Ukrainian, a mai ka Polani, Farani.
He koʻikoʻi ko ke mele i ka hoʻokani ʻana i nā hana. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i ke ʻano o nā pāʻani a hoʻopiha i nā hiʻohiʻona pilikino me ka naʻau. Ua haku ʻo Mikhail i ka hoʻokani pila no ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua mau haneli. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i kāna mau hana "Verkhovyntsi", "Kozak i hunter", "Protsikha" a me "Zhovnir-charivnik".
ʻO nā manaʻo politika i noho aliʻi ma ka ʻāina ʻo Ukraine i hāʻawi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ka pau ʻana o ka hale keaka Ukrainian a hoihoi i ka lehulehu. ʻAʻole i loaʻa hou iā Michael ka manawa e hana ai.
I ka makahiki 49, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hui keaka ma Przemysl. Ua helu 'ia 'o Mikhail ma kona mau papa ma ke 'ano he haku mele a mea keaka. Ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka haku mele.
I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 40, ua haku ʻo ia i nā mele no ka kikokikona a Ivan Gushalevich "Aloha ʻoukou, e nā hoahānau, lawe mākou i nā mea āpau." I kekahi manawa ma hope mai, ma Lvov, ua hoʻonohonoho nā mea hoʻoikaika kūloko i ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni "Russian Conversation". No ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hōʻike ʻia, ua haku ʻo Verbitsky i ka melodrama nani "Pidgiryan".
ʻO nā ʻanuʻu nui o ka noʻonoʻo ʻO Mikhail VerbitskAuwe
E like me ka ʻōlelo a ka haku mele ponoʻī, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kāna hana i ʻekolu mau pae nui: nā hana mele no ka hale pule, nā mele no ka hale keaka a me nā mele no ka salona. I ka hihia hope loa, ua ʻike ʻo Verbitsky i ke ʻano o ke mele a kona mau hoa i makemake ai e lohe. I mea e pono ai ka lehulehu - ʻo ia ka mea a Michael i makemake ai. ʻO kāna mea kākau moʻolelo mua, ʻo Sidor Vorobkevich, hoʻomanaʻo i nā mele mele he kanahā me ka hoʻokani pila a me nā mea hou aku me ka hoʻokani piano.
Ma muli o ka pilikia o ke ola, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke loaʻa ka ʻoihana kahuna no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua hoʻopau ʻo Mikhail i kāna mau haʻawina i nā manawa he nui. Eia kekahi, ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e neʻe mai kekahi kauhale a i kekahi i kekahi mau manawa. I ka makahiki 1850 wale nō ʻo ia i puka ai mai ka Lviv Seminary a lilo i kahuna pule.
No kekahi mau makahiki, ua lawelawe ʻo ia ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o Zavadov Yavorovsky. I loko o kēia manawa, hānau ʻia nā keiki ʻelua - he kaikamahine a he keikikāne. Auwe, make ke kaikamahine i ka wa kamalii. Ua huhū loa ʻo Verbitsky i ka nalowale ʻana o kāna kaikamahine. Ua kaumaha ʻo ia.
I ka makahiki 1856, ua lawelawe ʻo ia ma ka Hale Pule Intercession, aia ma Mlyny (Polani i kēia manawa). Ma laila ʻo ia i lawe ai i ke kūlana kahuna Katolika Helene. Ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ia i noho ai i nā makahiki hope o kona ola ʻana.
He mea pono e ho'omaopopo'o Mikhail Verbitsky i noho maika'i loa. ʻOiai nā kūlana hanohano i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole i kākoʻo ʻia ka hoʻoilina mele waiwai - Verbitsky. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i ʻimi i ka waiwai.
ʻO ka mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana i ka National Anthem o Ukraine
I ka makahiki 1863, ua haku ʻo ia i nā mele i nā mele a ka poet Ukrainian P. Chubinsky "ʻAʻole i make ʻo Ukraine." Ua hoʻomaka ka mōʻaukala o ka hana ʻana i ke mele i hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua. ʻO ia ka manawa i haku ai ʻo Paulo i ka mele i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna.
Aneane ma hope koke iho o ke kākau ʻana i ka mele, ua kākau ka hoaaloha o Chubinsky, ʻo Lysenko, i kahi mele mele i ka paukū. Ua kani ke mele i kākauʻia ma ka'āina o Ukraine no kekahi manawa, akā,ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka māhele ākea. Akā, i loko wale nō o ke kākau inoa o Verbitsky lāua ʻo Chubynsky ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke mele i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka poʻe Ukrainian.
Ma hope o ka lā nui o Ukrainian patriotic and spiritual life, i nā makahiki 60 o ke kenekulia XIX, ma kekahi o nā nūpepa Lviv, ua paʻi ʻia ka poem "ʻAʻole i make ʻo Ukraine". Ua hoʻohauʻoli ka paukū iā Mikhail me kona māmā a me ka manaʻo aloha ʻāina. I ka wā mua, kākau ʻo ia i nā mele no ka hana hoʻokahi me ke kīkā, akā naʻe, ua hana ikaika ʻo ia i ka haku mele, a ua kūpono loa ia no ka hana ʻana i kahi papa mele piha.
"ʻAʻole i make ʻo Ukraine" i ʻike ʻia e ka laulā o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka hopena mōʻaukala o ka poʻe Ukrainian. Ma ke ʻano he mele aupuni, ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻāpana mele e nā haku mele Ukrainian.
Mikhail Verbitsky: Nā kiko'ī o kona ola pilikino
Ua ʻike ʻia ua male ʻelua ʻo ia. ʻO ka wahine mua i hiki ke hoʻonani i ka puʻuwai o ka mea haku mele, ʻo ia ka Austrian nani i kapa ʻia ʻo Barbara Sener. Auwe, make koke ʻo ia.
Ma hope koke iho, ua male ʻo ia i ka lua o ka manawa. A hiki i kēia manawa, ua manaʻo ʻia he wahine Farani ka lua o ka wahine. Akā ʻaʻole i hōʻoia ʻia kēia manaʻo. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i ola lōʻihi ka lua o ka wahine. Ua hānau ʻo ia i kahi keikikāne mai Verbitsky, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Andrey.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana iā Mikhail Verbitsky
- ʻO ke kikā ka mea kani punahele a Mikhail.
- I loko o kona ola pōkole, ua haku ʻo ia i 12 orchestral rhapsodies, 8 symphonic overtures, ʻekolu papa mele a me ʻelua mau polonaises.
- Ua hōʻoia ka poʻe biographers ua noho ʻo ia i ka ʻilihune. ʻO ka manawa pinepine he mau ʻāpala wale nō ma kāna papaʻaina. ʻO nā manawa paʻakikī loa i hiki mai i ka wā hoʻoilo-hoʻoilo.
- Ua moe ʻo ia i ka haku mele no nā mele a Taras Shevchenko.
- Ua lilo ʻo Michael i kahuna i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kona kūlana kālā. ʻO ka lawelawe ʻana i ke Akua ʻaʻole kāna kāhea ʻana.
ʻO nā makahiki hope loa o ke ola o Mikhail Verbitsky
A hiki i nā lā hope o kona ola, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i haʻalele i kāna ʻoihana nui - ua haku ʻo ia i nā hana mele. Eia kekahi, ua kākau ʻo Mikhail i nā ʻatikala a ua komo i nā hana aʻoaʻo.
Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā makahiki hope o kona ola ma Mlyny. Ua make ʻo ia i ka lā 7 o Dekemaba, 1870. I kona wā i make ai, he 55 makahiki wale nō ka mea haku mele.
ʻO ka mua, ua kau ʻia kahi keʻa ʻoka maʻamau ma ka lua o ka mea haku mele kaulana. Akā ma ka waena o 30s o ke kenekulia i hala, ua kūkulu ʻia kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo ma ke kahua kanu o Verbitsky.
