Ua hāʻawi ʻo Mykola Lysenko i kahi haʻawina hiki ʻole ke hoʻomohala i ka moʻomeheu Ukrainian. Ua haʻi aku ʻo Lysenko i ka honua holoʻokoʻa e pili ana i ka nani o nā haku mele, ua hōʻike ʻo ia i ka hiki o ke mele a ka mea kākau, a ua kū pū nō hoʻi i ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hana keaka o kona ʻāina hānau. ʻO ka haku mele kekahi o nā mea mua i unuhi iā Shevchenko's Kobzar a ua hana maikaʻi ʻo ia i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mele ʻōiwi Ukrainian.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi o Maestro
ʻO Malaki 22, 1842 ka lā hānau o ka mea haku mele. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia ma ke kauhale liʻiliʻi o Grinki (Poltava region). ʻO ka maestro koʻikoʻi mai ka ʻohana kahiko o Cossack foremen Lysenko. Ua paʻa ke poʻo o ka ʻohana i ke kūlana konela, a ʻo kona makuahine no ka ʻohana nona ka ʻāina.
Ua makemake nā mākua e hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi i kā lākou mau keiki. ʻAʻole ʻo kona makuahine wale nō, akā ʻo ka haku mele kaulana ʻo Fet i hana i ka homechooling Nikolai. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia i nā ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, a ʻo kekahi, ua hoihoi nui ʻo ia i ka mele.
I ka ʻike ʻana o ka makuahine i ka haʻalulu o kāna keiki e mālama ai i ke mele, kono ʻo ia i kahi kumu mele i ka hale. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i makemake ʻole i ka poetry Ukrainian. ʻO Taras Shevchenko ka haku mele punahele a Lysenko. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i nā mele kaulana loa o Taras Grigorievich ma ka puʻuwai.
He aloha nui ko Mykola i nā mele ʻo Ukrainian. Hīmeni pinepine kona kupuna wahine i nā haku mele ma ka home, i kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pepeiao o Lysenok no ke mele.
Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke kula home, neʻe ʻo Nikolai i Kyiv. Ma ʻaneʻi i aʻo ai ke kanaka ʻōpio ma kekahi mau hale hoʻokipa. Ma keʻano laulā, ua maʻalahi nā haʻawina a Lysenko.
Nikolay Lysenko: Nā makahiki'ōpio
I ka makahiki 1855, ua lilo 'o ia i haumana no ka hale ha'uki 'o Kharkov. He mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua puka 'o ia mai kahi kula ho'ona'auao me ka mekala kala. I loko o kēia manawa, komo ʻo ia i ka mele. Ma ka'āina o Kharkov, ua'ike'ia'o ia he mea ho'okani pila.
Ua hoʻokani pila ʻo ia i nā pōpō a me nā pāʻina. Ua hana akamai ʻo Lysenko i nā hana a nā haku haku mele kaulana o nā ʻāina ʻē no ke anaina koi. ʻAʻole poina ʻo Nikolai e pili ana i ka improvisation ma ke kumuhana o nā mele mele ʻo Little Russian. ʻOiai, ua noʻonoʻo ʻo ia i ka ʻoihana o ka mea mele a me ka haku mele.
Ma hope o kona puka 'ana mai ka hale ha'uki, ua lilo 'o ia i haumana ma Kharkov Imperial University, e koho ana i ke kumu o ka 'epekema kūlohelohe nona iho. Ma hope o kekahi manawa, neʻe kona mau mākua i Kiev. Ua koi ʻia ʻo Nikolai e neʻe i kahi kulanui kūloko. Ua puka 'o ia mai ke kula i ka makahiki 1864. I hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope mai, ua loaʻa iā ia kahi PhD i ka ʻepekema kūlohelohe.
ʻAʻole i haʻalele ka manaʻo no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻonaʻauao mele no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻEkolu makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e komo i ka Conservatory Leipzig. E hoʻomanaʻo i kēlā manawa ua manaʻo ʻia ka conservatory ʻo ke kula hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi loa ma ʻEulopa. Ma loko o nā paia o kēia kula ʻo ia i ʻike ai i ke koʻikoʻi o ka haku ʻana i kāna mau mele ponoʻī me nā aka o kāna moʻomeheu, ʻaʻole e kope wale i nā hana a nā haku haole.
Ua puka 'o Nikolai mai ka conservatory me ka hanohano. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e hoʻi i Kiev. Ua hāʻawi ʻo ia i kēia kūlanakauhale i ʻehā mau makahiki. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka haku mele, ke aʻo ʻana a me nā hana pilikanaka. No kekahi mau makahiki wale nō, ua koi ʻia ʻo ia e neʻe i ke kapikala moʻomeheu o Rūsia i mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i kāna mau akamai i ke ʻano o nā mea kani symphonic. I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 70, ua lawe ka maestro i kahi kumu ma ke ʻano he kumu piano ma ka Institute of Noble Maidens.
Hāʻawi i ka moʻomeheu Ukrainian
I ka makahiki 1904, ua hoʻokō ʻia ka moe a ka maestro. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i kahi kula mele a me ke keaka. E hoʻomanaʻo ʻo ia ka ʻoihana hoʻonaʻauao mua ma ka ʻāina o Ukraine, nāna i hāʻawi i ka hoʻonaʻauao mele kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka papahana o ka conservatory.
Ua hana ka maestro ma nā ʻano mele he nui. Ua nānā nui ʻo ia i ka hana ʻana i nā mele mele Ukrainian. ʻO ke kulekele tsarist, ka mea i huhū i kēlā manawa ma ka'āina o Ukraine,ʻaʻole i pale i ka haku mele mai ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi kūlana e pili ana i ke kūlana o kāna'ōlelo hānau ma ka hana mele. Ma ka repertoire o ka maestro, hoʻokahi wale nō hana i kākauʻia ma ka'ōlelo Lūkini.
Ma waena o nā mele mele kaulana loa a ka mea haku mele, ʻo ia nā keaka ʻo Taras Bulba, Natalka Poltavka a me Aeneid. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i kāna hana i hoʻoikaika ʻia e nā hana a Shevchenko. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka "makua" o nā mele mele Ukrainian. ʻAʻole wale ma ka haku mele ʻana, akā ma ka ethnographic pū kekahi.
Ma muli o kona ho'āʻo ʻana e hoʻolaha i ka ʻōlelo Ukrainian, ua hoʻomaʻau ʻia ʻo ia e nā ʻelele Lūkini o nā mana tsarist. Ua hopu ʻia ʻo Nikolai i nā manawa he nui, akā ʻaʻohe kumu hoʻokahi o nā luna e mālama ai i ka haku mele ma hope o nā kaola.
Wahi a ka poʻe biographers, ʻo ka pahuhopu o Lysenko i kāna ʻoihana hoʻomohala e alakaʻi i ka poʻe Ukrainian maʻalahi mai ka ʻilihune piha a me ka pouli, i loko o ka honua ākea a ākea o ʻEulopa.
ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ʻo ka Maestro's Ukrainian Suite ka ʻāpana mele mua i hoʻohui maikaʻi i nā kuʻuna hula ʻEulopa a me nā kiʻi kanaka Ukrainian. Lohe ʻia nā hana a Lysenko i nā hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni maikaʻi loa o ka honua.
Nā kiko'ī o ke ola pilikino o ka maestro Nikolai Lysenko
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ke ola pilikino o ka maestro he mea hoihoi a hanana. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻo Lysenko ka mea hope loa ma Kyiv, makemake nui nā ʻelele o ka wahine nāwaliwali iā ia.
ʻO Teklya ke kaikamahine mua i komo i loko o kona ʻuhane. Ma ke ala,ʻaʻole waleʻo Nikolai i aloha i ka nani Ukrainian, akā,ʻo kona kaikunāne hoʻi. ʻAʻole i hakakā ka poʻe ʻōpio no kāna hoaaloha. Ma hope mai, hoʻolaʻa ka mea haku mele i kahi mele iā Tekla.
Ua alakaʻi kekahi maestro kaulana i kahi kaikamahine i kapa ʻia ʻo Olga O'Connor ma lalo o ke ala. Ma Ukraine, ua pau koke kekahi kaikamahine me kona ʻohana ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Napoleonic. Ma ke ala, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa ʻo ia me nā kaikamahine Ukrainian, Irish ma ke kumu.
ʻEwalu makahiki ʻo ia ma mua o Nikolai, a ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ia kāna kaikamahine. He leo soprano ikaika kona. Ua male lāua i ka makahiki 1868, a ua hele pū lāua i Leipzig. Ma kahi hou, lawe ʻo Olga i nā haʻawina leo. Ma hope mai, puka 'o ia mai ka Conservatory o St. Petersburg a ho'okani 'o ia i nā leo leo ma nā keaka mele a kāna kāne. I kona hoʻomaka ʻana e pilikia i kona leo, ua aʻo ʻo ia i ka leo.
ʻIke ʻia ʻaʻole ʻo ka nalowale o ka leo ka pilikia nui loa. Ua loaʻa ʻo Olga i ka maʻi noʻonoʻo. Ua loli kona naʻau, ua pilikia ʻo ia i ke kaumaha, a ua ʻoi aku ka pōʻino o kona ʻano ma mua o ka maikaʻi. No kēia mau kumu, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wahine ke hānau keiki. ʻO Olga lāuaʻo Nikolai, ma hope o 12 mau makahiki o ka maleʻana, ua hoʻoholo lākou e hoʻopuehu,ʻoiaiʻaʻole i hiki i ka male male. A laila pono ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka male i ka hoʻoikaika nui a me ka manawa mai ka hoa.
ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ua hālāwai ʻo ia me kahi brunette nani i kapa ʻia ʻo Olga Lipskaya. Ua hui nā'ōpio ma kahi'ahamele Lysenko ma Chernigov. Ua paʻi ka wahine i ka mea hoʻokani me kona nani. Eia kekahi, maikaʻi loa ʻo ia i ka hīmeni a me ke kaha kaha kiʻi. E kapaʻo Nikolai i ke kaikamahine i kona "lima'ākau".
Nikolai Lysenko: Ke ola me ka wahine kīwila a me ke aloha hou
He pilina paʻakikī ko lāua. Ua haʻalele ʻo Olga i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kāna ʻoihana a, me he mea lā, aia ma ke aka o Lysenko kaulana. Ua koho ʻo ia nona iho ʻaʻole i ka hopena wahine hauʻoli loa. ʻAʻole hiki iā Olga ke lilo i wahine mana a Nikolai, a no ka hānau ʻana i kahi keiki mai ka maestro, pono ʻo ia e haʻalele iā Kiev.
Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo Olga iā Lysenko no 20 mau makahiki. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i lawe iā ia i wahine mana, akā ma kekahi ʻano a i ʻole, ua hānau ʻo ia i 7 mau keiki nāna. Auwe, ʻelima wale nō o lākou i ola. Ua make ka wahine i kona hānau hope ʻana. I kēlā manawa, ua haku ʻo ia i nā hana mele, akā, no kekahi mau kumu pohihihi, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hāʻawi i hoʻokahi mele no kēia wahine.
Ua piha ʻo ia ma mua o 60 i kona wā i aloha hou ai. I kēia manawa, koho ʻo ia i kahi kaikamahine nona nā makahiki he 45 ma mua ona. ʻAʻole hilahila ka maestro i ka ʻokoʻa nui o ka makahiki.
Ua aloha ʻo ia i kāna haumāna, ʻo Inna kona inoa. ʻO ia ka pilina ʻē loa i kona ola a pau. ʻAʻole iʻae nā mākua o ke kaikamahine i kahi pilina, aʻo ke kaikamahine pono'īʻaʻole iʻaʻa e noho pū, akā ua hoʻomau i ka hoʻolimalima manawa me Lysenko.
E hoʻomanaʻo i ka hahai ʻana o nā keiki a pau o Lysenko i nā wāwae o ko lākou makuakāne kaulana. Ua koho lākou i kahi hana hana no lākou iho. ʻO ke keiki muli loa, ʻo Taras kona inoa, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke keiki akamai loa. Ua hoʻokani ke kanaka ʻōpio i nā mea kani a pau.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka maestro
- I ka wā o ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o ka serfdom, ua banekorupa kona ʻohana waiwai. Akā, i kekahi ala a i ʻole, ua hoʻokō ʻo Lysenko i kahi ola kūpono nona iho. Ma kēlā mau kūlana, ua ola nui ʻo ia, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hōʻiliʻili kālā.
- I kēia lā, ola nā mamo o ka Ukrainian classic i ʻekolu laina: Ostap, Galina a me Maryana. Hoʻohanohano ka ʻohana i ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i kahi ʻohana kaulana.
- ʻO Mikhail Staritsky, ka mea nāna i kākau iā "Chasing Two Hares", ʻo ia ke kaikunāne lua o Nikolai.
- Ua kākau ʻo ia i kāna polka mua i ka ʻumi o kona mau makahiki.
- I kona ola a pau, ua komo ʻo ia i ka ʻoihana mele.
- Ma hope o ka make ʻana o kāna hoa noho ʻo Olga, ua noi ʻo Lysenko i kāna kāne kūhelu e hoʻokō i nā keiki āpau.
Make o kekahi haku mele Ukrainian Nikolay Lysenko
Ua make koke ʻo ia. Ua ʻike lōʻihi kona huakaʻi ua loaʻa iā ia ka ʻeha ma ka ʻāpana o ka puʻuwai. I ka lā 24 o ʻOkakopa, 1912, ua kokoke ʻo ia e hele i ke kula. Akā ua hana ke ola i kāna mau hoʻoponopono ponoʻī. Ua loaʻa iā ia kahi maʻi puʻuwai. Ma hope o ka hapalua hola, ua hala ka haku mele.
Ua kanu ʻia ke kino o ka maestro ma ka lā 5 wale nō ma hope o kona make ʻana. Aia ke kino o ka haku mele ma ka ilina o Baikove. He heluna maoli ʻole o ka poʻe i ʻākoakoa no ka ʻaha hoʻolewa. ʻO kēia nā ʻohana, nā hoaaloha a me nā mea mahalo i ka hana a Lysenko.
