ʻO Tikhon Khrennikov - ka mea haku mele Soviet a me Lūkia, mea hoʻokani pila, kumu. I loko o kāna ʻoihana hoʻomohala lōʻihi, ua haku ka maestro i kekahi mau keaka kūpono, ballets, symphonies, a me nā concerto mea kani. Hoʻomanaʻo pū nā poʻe iā ia ma ke ʻano he mea kākau mele no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
ʻO ka wā kamaliʻi a me ka ʻōpio o Tikhon Khrennikov
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo ia i ka mahina mua o Iune 1913. Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Tikhon i loko o kahi ʻohana nui. Ua mamao loa kona mau mākua mai nā ʻoihana hana. Ua hānai ʻia ʻo ia i loko o ka ʻohana o kahi mea kālepa kālepa a me kahi wahine hale maʻamau.
ʻAʻole i emi ke poʻo o ka ʻohana i ka hoʻonaʻauao. I ka ʻohana Khrennikov, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka manaʻo kūikawā i ke mele. A ʻoiai ʻaʻole mamao loa kona makuakāne mai ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ua paipai ʻo ia i ke mele. No ka laʻana, ʻike ʻo Tikhon i ka pāʻani ʻana i nā mea kani. I loko o kāna mau makahiki kula, ua helu ʻia ke kanaka ʻōpio i ka papa mele kūloko.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau, ua hoihoi ʻo Khrennikov Jr. i ka improvisation. Ua haku ʻo ia i kāna mele mua i kona wā ʻōpio. Mai kēia manawa, hoʻomaka ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Tikhon ma ke ʻano he haku mele.
Ma hope koke iho, loaʻa iā ia kahi kūkākūkā me Mikhail Gnesin iā ia iho. Ua hiki iā ia ke ʻike i ke kālena ma Tikhon. Manaʻo ka maestro e hoʻopau ke kanaka i ke kula kiʻekiʻe, a laila hoʻomaka e komo i ka Conservatory Moscow. I kēia manawa, hoʻolohe ʻo Khrennikov i nā haku mele o nā mele Lūkini.
Tikhon Khrennikov: aʻo ma Gnesinka
Ua hoʻolohe ʻo Tikhon i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a ke akamai ʻo Mikhail Gnesin, a ma hope o kona puka ʻana mai ke kula ua komo ʻo ia i kahi kula mele. Ma hope o kēlā, ua kākau inoa ʻia ʻo ia i ka conservatory o ke kapikala, kahi i loaʻa iā ia kahi manawa kūʻokoʻa e aʻo ai me nā kumu akamai. I kāna mau makahiki haumāna, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hana i ka hale keaka keiki.
I kāna makahiki hope, hāʻawi ʻo Khrennikov i nā kumu i ka symphony mua, hiki ke helu ʻia he hana ʻoihana. He mea pono ke kaulana i ka haku mele ma ka ʻāina o ka Soviet Union wale nō. Ua komo ka symphony i ka repertoire o nā alakaʻi kaulana mai ʻAmelika.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Tikhon i ka symphony i kāna hana puka. ʻO Sergei Prokofiev wale nō ka mea nāna i hāʻawi iā Khrennikov kahi hōʻailona "maikaʻi" i ka hoʻokolokolo.
Ua helu ka haku mele i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi diploma ʻulaʻula. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo mai nā hōʻailona komisina ma lalo o "5". Ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hopena o ka hoʻokolokolo, ua hoʻolaha ʻo ia ʻaʻole e loaʻa iā ia kahi diploma polū. I kekahi mau lā ma hope mai, ua noʻonoʻo ka ʻaha kūkā o ka conservatory i ka hihia o ka haumāna. Ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ka conservatory, e paʻa ana i kahi diploma ʻulaʻula ma kona mau lima.
ʻO ke ala hana o Tikhon Khrennikov
Ua hiki mai ka piko o ka kaulana o ka haku mele ma ka waena o 30s o ke kenekulia i hala. I loko o kēia manawa, ua lilo ʻo ia i kekahi o ka maestro kaulana loa o ka Soviet Union. Hele nui ʻo Tikhon, hāʻawi i nā ʻahamele a aʻo.
Ma hope koke iho, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo ia i kahi ʻaha mele piano no ka hana keaka ʻo Much Ado About Nothing. Hoʻopiha hou ʻo ia i ka repertoire me nā hana mele hou.
I ka pau ʻana o nā makahiki 30, ua hoʻomaka ka mua o ka opera mua. Ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka hana mele "Into the Storm". ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ka opera i hōʻike ʻia ʻo ia ke ʻano o Vladimir Lenin i loko.
Ua hōʻailona ʻia ka wā kaua no Khrennikov me ka nui ʻole o ka nalowale o ka hana. Ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka hana. I kēia manawa, haku nui ʻo ia i nā mele. A laila ʻike ʻia ka lua symphony. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻolālā ʻo ia e lilo kēia hana i mele no ka ʻōpio, akā ua hana ke Kaua Honua ʻElua i kāna mau hoʻoponopono ponoʻī.
Ua hōʻike maikaʻi kāna hana i ka manaʻo o nā mana a me nā kamaʻāina maʻamau o ka Soviet Union i ka wā kaua. Hoʻopiha ʻia kāna mau hana me ka manaʻoʻiʻo a me ka hilinaʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Tikhon Khrennikov: nā hana i ka wā ma hope o ke kaua
No nā makahiki he nui, ua lawelawe ka maestro ma ke ʻano he poʻo o ka Union of Composers. Ua loaʻa iā ia ka hanohano e hele i nā hālāwai he nui kahi i hoʻoholo ai nā lālā o ka Politburo i ka hopena o nā kānaka make. ʻO ka hana a Tikhon ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā haku mele a me nā mea hoʻokani pila.
He kanaka pili ʻo ia i ke aupuni aupuni o Stalin. Ua kākoʻo ʻo ia iā ia i kona "hoʻouka ʻana" i nā mea mele a me nā haku mele Soviet. ʻO ke kumu,ʻo ka "papa inoaʻeleʻele" o ke alakaʻi i komo i nā mea hana kiʻi avant-garde i kūponoʻole i ka manaʻo o ka komunism māmā.
Eia naʻe, i kāna mau nīnauele hope, ua hōʻole ka mea haku mele i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua kākoʻo ʻo ia iā Stalin. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Tikhon makemake ʻo ia i ka manaʻo komunista. Pono e ho'omaopopo'ia he nui nā makana aupuni a me nā makana i ka maestro i kāna mea kaua.
Ua kaulana ʻo Khrennikov ma ke ʻano he haku mele kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Ua kākau ʻo ia i nā helu mele no nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni he 30. I nā makahiki 70, i ka leʻaleʻa o kāna poʻe pā, ua haku ʻo ia i nā ballet he nui.
ʻAʻole ʻo ia i haʻalele i kāna hana a hiki i ka hopena. I ke kenekulia hou, ua hoʻomau ʻo ia i ka haku ʻana i nā waltzes a me nā ʻāpana no ka symphony orchestra. ʻO nā hana hou e pili ana i nā mele no ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni "Two Comrades" a me ka TV series "Moscow Windows".
Nā kikoʻī o ke ola pilikino o ka haku mele
ʻOiai kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me kona waiwai, he haʻahaʻa maoli nō ia. Ua ʻae pinepine ʻo Tikhon he monogamous ʻo ia. ʻO kona ola a pau, ua nohoʻo ia me kahi wahine hoʻokahi,ʻo Clara Arnoldovna Waks kona inoa.
Ua ʻike ka wahine a ka maestro iā ia iho he mea kākau moʻolelo. He mea mahalo ia i ka manawa o ko lāua kamaʻāina, ua male ʻo Clara. ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ua hauʻoli ʻo ia me kāna kāne, akā ʻaʻole i haʻalele ʻo Tikhon. Ua hōʻole ka wahine iā Khrennikov no ka manawa lōʻihi, akā,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i ho'ōki i ka mālamaʻana iā ia a hiki i kona ala.
ʻO ia kāna muse a ʻo ka wahine nui. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻo ia i ka ʻāpana mele "Like a nightingale about a rose" iā ia. I ka hoʻolohe ʻana o Clara i ka haku mele, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻomaikaʻi, akā ua hoʻohewa ʻo ia i ka maestro. Ma ia ahiahi hoʻokahi, kākau hou ʻo ia i ka hana i lilo ia i mea hana nui maoli.
Ua pā'ani lākou i ka mare nani, a ma hope koke iho ua hānau'ia he kaikamahine i loko o ka'ohana, i kapa'ia'o Natasha. Ma ke ala, ua hahai pū ʻo ia i ka wāwae o kona makuakāne hana. ʻAʻole i mālama ʻo Khrennikov i ke kālā no kāna wahine a me kāna kaikamahine. I nā manawa a pau e hiki ai, ʻauʻau ʻo ia iā lākou i nā makana a me nā mea waiwai.
Make o Tikhon Khrennikov
Ua hala ʻo ia ma ʻAukake 14, 2007. Ua make ma ke kapikala o Rusia. He mai pōkole ke kumu o ka make.
